Can anybody explain to me the difference between cyber physical systems in comparison with distributed control systems or networked control systems (two well-established concepts in control engineering)?
Well, E.A Lee wrote (10 Years ago?) CPS are integrations of computation with the physical process in one system. That is a very basic definition and fits almost any half modern device. A DCS or NCS defines itself by havin its control distributed over more than one entity.
In my Opinion the difference is in the emphasis on the distribution. The CPS is supposed to be more efficient because it closely integrates computational capability (and computer theory) into a physicaly active system. A DCS or NCS is suposed to increase efficiency because it has a distributed control.
So maybe by considering what might a Distributed Cyber Physical System be, we can avoid answering that question! ;-)
Same stuff but different naming resulting in new buzzwords for marketing publicly funded research in order to: make politicians happy, and allow some companies to pick up some new keywords.
Pragmatic view on the issue, if you wish ;)
This is absolutely what I think as well. From my point of view, all those embedded systems guys do not contribute to development of automation technology, they just cannibalize what they can use for their own pupose.
Best regards and thanks to all for answering.
I think that CPS is a very huge research area that includes NCS. We call CPS to those systems that includes a cybernetic part, e.g., communication infrastructure. NCS is primary focused on control problems with distributed elements that exchange information through a network.
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