It's interesting to look at coronaviruses responsible for diseases in food animals.
For instance, Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in poultry was the first coronavirus described in the 1930s. It is responsible for low growth rate in broilers and decreased egg quality quality and production in layers.
Live attenuated and killed vaccines have been developed since the 1950s and many issues still exist. I won't get too much into details as there are many different IBV serotypes, mainly due to various genetic types of the spike protein, and cross-protection is poor when a vaccine targets only one serotype. This problem is due to the lack of proofreading capability of the RNA-dependend RNA polymerase (RnRp) and this is not the case with SARS-CoV-2. However, protection induced by vaccines against IBV is short lived (a few days) if you don't have a prime-boost strategy.
Animal health companies have been working on new types of vaccines for many years and we shouldn't underrate their work. Recombinant vaccines targeting the S1 and S2 subunits of the spike protein or the N protein are being tested. Things are not that easy but it might help us develop the best strategy more quickly.
Here are some articles you might find interesting:
Article Severe acute respiratory syndrome vaccine development: Exper...
Article Generation of a recombinant avian coronavirus infectious bro...
Article Recombinant Infectious Bronchitis Viruses Expressing Chimeri...
Article Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a replication-defe...