I am not wise enough to discuss this topic, but to my knowledge i did my PhD in organic chemistry and completely based on industrial research and direct applications, we also applied for patents. I was involved with lobbyists and also big industries, I was always surprised when i saw big scientists who had enormous knowledge and creativity and have a capability to invent new things are sitting before some capitalists who have absolute no knowledge of product and its design and taking there notes of requirements! The reason i found, i presume i found is that to do business you need cross thinking, you must be capable of bluffing people in order to buy your product and much more capabilities, which you cannot do as a scientist because you clearly know the adverse pros and cons. Secondly, the financial insecurity that drives many scientists to take easier path to work for others and eventually end up as replaceable work robots controlled by some capitalists and HR managers.....Its pathetic but is true.

I have met several scientists in my life, but only a realtively small portion of them became good entrepreneurs. One of them, whom I know very well and esteem his acitvity very high, always tried to do research not only for its sake, but to achieve good, practically applicable results. Therefore he was ferquently involved in nasty problems that could not be solved by theoretical knowledge alone and required much empirical study. Nevertheless I am convinced that pure empiricism does not help either, one has to have a solid theoretical background, good instinct, tireless curiosity and acute observation. One also has to have a borad knowledge of the market to be attacked. It is good if an entrepreneur dares to work together with others of his own calibre. Of course, to do so one has to trust these partners, therefore a good knowledge and estimation of human character is also necessary. These are generalities, but I think they are necessary for a scientists if he aor she wants to become a good entrepreneur.

Thank you Gyorgy! I understood from you message, that you are more enterpreneur than scientist! It is very good that you start discussion. I also do not ask the scientist to do"Empirical study" and in this way its results to be understable from entrepreneur. I suppose that scientist has as you mention solid theoretical knowledge, work hardly and obtain good scientific results and wish to apply it as his intuition said. He must find suitable entrepreneur which will colaborate with him and both together will overlap dificulties and come to good application.

Dear Gorgi, In fact I feel to be in a middle position between the two. Although I started my scietific career with quantum chemistry, since finishing the University and my PhD I have almost always been involved in applied research - mostly in polymer science(composites, insluation materials, specilty resins), sometimes in broader materials science. Between 2000 and 2012 I had to practice entrepreneurship but only at the level of consulting. I have never been a "producing" entrepreneur - but I did cooperate with "real" SME-s. I do not have enough courage and capability of starting a production firm, but I always tried to support the wotk of others, involved in such activity. Right now I am an employee again at a research institute but also here we are encouraged to do research with practical results.

Best regards

Dear Gyorgy, Please do not thing that scientist is better than entrepreneur. In both field have briliant peoples and not so good working peoples. I symilar to you value peoples, that simultaneously are good scientists and good entrepreneurs But in real situation is need to manage development of product on base of scientific results. Comunity give resources to science aiming in the end to get some new product or better education, knowledge and spirit.

It is interesting, if in this discussion we formulate some recomendations. How a begginer to manage its first steps, going to application of any scientific result-to get his launch trajectory right.

Will be extremely good, if we learn any rools, hear for any examples. Probably, I am optimist, but I also as you have some experience to try to establish SME for development of electro beam technologies.

I am not wise enough to discuss this topic, but to my knowledge i did my PhD in organic chemistry and completely based on industrial research and direct applications, we also applied for patents. I was involved with lobbyists and also big industries, I was always surprised when i saw big scientists who had enormous knowledge and creativity and have a capability to invent new things are sitting before some capitalists who have absolute no knowledge of product and its design and taking there notes of requirements! The reason i found, i presume i found is that to do business you need cross thinking, you must be capable of bluffing people in order to buy your product and much more capabilities, which you cannot do as a scientist because you clearly know the adverse pros and cons. Secondly, the financial insecurity that drives many scientists to take easier path to work for others and eventually end up as replaceable work robots controlled by some capitalists and HR managers.....Its pathetic but is true.

Thank you Dr.Shavan for exchange of experience!

Let I add a rule:

Try to work in team of peoples smarter than you! If you know everything and can do all of tasks of your collaborators, you must go out of this cooperation !

Dear Mr. Maladenov, Nice and useful advise....

Dear Georgi, I am an entrepreneur turn into researcher. At one point of my life I just wanted to market my own innovation rather than just being another entrepreneur, that's when I dropped everything and went back to school to do my PhD in biomedical engineering. I did managed an innovation in biomedical engineering and currently in commercialization pathway. The challenge is totally different between being an entrepreneur in a proven business and entrepreneur of your own innovation. You need extreme energy to prove your innovation validity, that's when the " Empirical study" is playing a big role. "Empirical study" need excellent administrative and people skills which generally not the interest of scientist. Another challenging aspect of innovation, most of the time it is a collaborative effort, how do you manage the collaboration effectively into a business entity is an art which may fail 99% of the time. The next factor in financial support, you need to pic to attract investors in innovation commercialization not in ordinary business where bankers are more ready. But I found the innovative entrepreneurship is more interesting.

To do research work have also element of entrepreneurship- to apply for research project, to win, to organize execution, dispersion of results etc.

But if during executing to as come a idea for application; there are a need to deside how much the possible product or material is need and concurent to conventional ones. Then you must do prototype and characterize it. In case of getting satisfactory characteristics and positive prospectives, you must do marketing.Then you must find resources for fabrication of the designed new product and materials. After that production and distribution of new product or material start.

The described rough flow chart of practical application of a research result is too long and ask for different skill of realizing this difficult tasks. I do not suppose that researcher is able alone to overlap all difficulties. So, ussually a entrepreneur can participate in the works on realyzation of new product or material. The entrepreneur is not only helper. A smart entrepreneur is in more cases wery important figure for succes of executing innovation . Sometimes he become general responsible for it succes.

Dear Georgi,

If we take the word "Research", there are two divisions in it. Basic research and Applied research. An entrepreneur, always looks for higher returns for his products or services. Once he has choosen a product/services, he will generally not do any basic research. He will use his skill/knowledge/experience to change value addition in his product, change process parameters in his manufacturing setup, etc. This we donot know, whether we can group under "Applied research"! An Entrepreneur is one who always is an "Enterprising" fellow. To carry on his activities successfully, he has to be ever changing. This we call as continuous change in our work/thinking/methodology etc as we can not afford to be static. We need to be dynamic.

Thus the relationship between Research and Entrepreneurship.