The discovery of conjugating to cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), a short cationic peptide with a high content of basic amino acid residues, allows for the intracellular intake and delivery of a variety of nanosize, small, and large molecules into the cytoplasm or nucleus without causing toxicity or breaching the integrity of the cell membrane. CPPs have many benefits, but they also have drawbacks, such as poor cell specificity, uptake into intracellular endosomes, and inactivation of CPPs by proteases, which may be the most important disadvantages of the first generation of CPPs. As a result, in order to avoid inactivation by proteases, these CPPs should be stabilized by incorporating multifunctional organic polymeric or lipid-based nanocarriers to improve cargo selectivity, performance, and ability. CPP-based drug delivery systems have been reported to have entered clinical trials for cancer diagnosis and treatment, where they have shown increased efficacy. As a result, it's fair to anticipate similar progress in the production of CPP-conjugated nano delivery of repurposed antiviral drugs based on nanoformulations for the treatment of COVID-19. When integrated into suitable nanoformulation-based nanocarrier systems, CPPs may be promising immune enhancers. According to the Milken Institute, 123 vaccines, 21 repurposed antiviral drugs, 58 antibodies, 15 cell-based, 6 RNA-based, and more than 80 other treatments for COVID-19 infections are in various stages of clinical trials. Kindly check the following RG link:

Article Lipid-based nano delivery of Tat-peptide conjugated drug or ...

You could. Liposomes are used to carry almost any subtance and we need to make sure its delivered to the right place. The proteins used are the protein S. The antibodies do the rest of the job.

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Article Liposomes as vaccine delivery systems: A review of the recent advances

Antiviral peptides (AVPs) or alternatively known as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that possess antiviral activities. AVPs are a class of short (8–40amino acids in length) polycationic antivirals with potent broad-spectrum antiviral activities. Interestingly, there are AVPs demonstrated to exert prophylactic and therapeutic effects against coronaviruses (CoVs)

Article The Potential of Antiviral Peptides as COVID-19 Therapeutics

SARS-BLOCK™ peptides are a promising COVID-19 antidote designed to combine the benefits of a therapeutic and vaccine, effectively creating a new generation of prophylactic and reactive antiviral therapeutics whereby immune responses can be enhanced rather than blunted.

Preprint Peptide Antidotes to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Peptides have unique and amazing medicinal properties and potential, don't they?