I am going to develop and validate a questionnaire to study pedestrian unsafe crossing behavior based on extended TPB. After conducting qualitative phase for eliciting salient beliefs I will use the results to develop a questionnaire. In addition to standard constructs of TPB, one of the extended predictive variables would be past behavior. I would also be measured unsafe crossing behavior as an independent variable using a self-report questionnaire. Could anyone please help me how to formulate questions to measure past behavior as a predictive variable and behavior as an independent variable?
Dear Syed Muhammad, thank you for your answer.
Let me explain more about my research design: I will use to depict a scenario for potentially hazardous situation and then will ask questions to measure TPB standard constructs as well as extended constructs including past behavior.
Here is the question I formulated for the behavior: In the course of past two weeks, how often have you crossed the intersection while the light was the red man for pedestrians? (as depicted in the scenario)
But when I want to formulate question for the past behavior the same question as above comes to my mind.
Dear Saeid,
Firstly, what do you mean by "the light was the red man for pedestrian"? it is the indicator of red phase (stop sign) for pedestrian?
My opinion, you may construct a question related to past behavior as "Have you ever crossed the intersection or pedestrian crossing area whilst a red light indicator for the past 3 months (or last year)?
Hope it will help a little.
Dear Kamarudin & Dear Syed Muhammad,
Thanking you for your recommendations. According to the rules of TPB questionnaire construction, we have to define the behavior of interest in terms of its target, action, context, and time elements. Defining the behavior in terms of time element is problematic. Because when you set the time e.g. for the past two weeks, the behavior of interest would be indeed, the reflection of past behavior, and when you want to measure the past behavior you will come up with the same question you set for the behavior.
Dear Saeid,
Did you use INTENTION as exogenous variable?
My experience, most of time when we adapt INTENTION (Exogenous) to predict BEHAVIOR (Endogenous) it would contribute significantly.
You may consider INTENTION to crossed while red light man would be use to predict the actual BEHAVIOR to with risky and illegal situation.
Dear kamarudin,
INTENTION and BEHAVIOR both are endogenous variables and intention to cross will be used to predict the behavior.
In order to construct questionnaire to measure all constructs of TPB including STANDARD COMPONENTS OF TPB, INTENTION and BEHAVIOR as well as extended constructs including PAST BEHAVIOR I have to set questions for them.