Competency is the ability of students or graduates to demonstrate capabilities in knowledge, skills, and behaviour in the same setting. Therefore, the training and the curriculum is developed in a way that addresses these issues. Also, the examinations test students in these areas in the same setting and not on separate exams. Therefore, I may ask students to do a PV examination and assess whether they can demonstrate knowledge, skills, and professional behaviour in this area.

The outcome-based learning curriculum is based on specific outcomes for the whole program; then, we go backward to develop from these outcomes, the learning outcomes of each stage/phase in the curriculum. Then we use these outcomes to build "the outcomes" of the teaching/learning sessions in each year/phase. The assessment is also designed in a way to examine if these outcomes were achieved or not.

I want to add- Competency is the ability of students or graduates to demonstrate capabilities in knowledge, skills, and behaviour in the same setting. Therefore, the training and the curriculum is developed in a way that addresses these issues. Also, the examinations test students in these areas in the same setting and not on separate exams. Therefore, I may ask students to do a PV examination and assess whether they can demonstrate knowledge, skills, and professional behaviour in this area.

The curriculum must be built to suit the mental abilities of students and consistent with the characteristics of the times

Thanks Samy Azer for your valuable comments.

I would submit competency is a work function or learning outcome you demonstrate. I am not sure competency is about abilities or students per se. We measure the outcome not the inputs. Curriculum termed in ways that are not outcome measurable events are simply old school approaches. What can the learner demonstrate through assessment against publicly established objective performance criteria. Some basic thoughts for consideration.

In reality competency based programmes are derived from the necessity of industries

The competency based is in actual fact also producing outputs which in turn result in outcomes for society

To give an example of the last sentence a pill is the output of the work and research while the outcome is with pills your cold is cured for example

In education the graduated students with their competencies are the outputs and the work they do when employed is an output to society

They is why Quality assurance is important

Https://global connect.academy

There are literally hundreds of definitions of competency. I really like the framework of Crawford (2005) in 'Senior management perceptions ...'. She presents a competence framework which consists of attribute competences (the competences a person takes with him/her) and output competences (the results the person achieves).

In attribute we are talking about things like knowledge, skills and attitude. In output we are talking about daily results like (in my research): the ability to plan a project or the ability to perform stakeholder management to the satisfaction of the stakeholders. In this example it is clear that for output competences you are most likely to need a combination of attribute competences. While attribute competences can be learned/trained in a separate session, they become meaningful in the output setting. We can learn students to listen, summarize and ask open questions, but if we do it in a stakeholder management setting the purpose of the learning goal is more clear.

On the other hand, output competences do allow for compensation. If someone is not good in formal writing, this can be compensated by for instance presenting a project plan in a powerpoint format instead.

Hope this helps.

Thanks Tony Palladino, Gino Schiavone, Joanne Gibbons and Steven Nijhuis for your useful comments.

The competency-based curriculum focuses on what the students reach from the highest capabilities and talents, while the curriculum based on learning outcomes, it focuses on achieving the goals set by the specialists.

Thanks Abdelkader Mohamed Elsayed for your valuable addition to the discussion. Would you please present the differences in a tabulated form?

Welcome Harasit Kumar Paul.