Resource-conserving technologies such as zero-tillage (ZT) and bed planting have been shown to be beneficial in terms of improving soil health, water use, crop productivity and farmers’ income.

Yes. These are necessary to conserve more water in the soil profile between the rains.

we should give more emphasis on climate change research ----

Should take strong decision to mitigate climate change issue ---

Yes necessary to conserve more water in soil profile for better future.

Resource-conserving technologies such as zero-tillage (ZT) and bed planting have been shown to be beneficial in terms of improving soil health, water use, crop productivity and farmers’ income.

Dear Fazleh Mahomed,

Yes, due to the progressive global warming, humanity should counteract adverse climate change. Below I have outlined the main problems and the scope of activities that should be developed to counteract adverse climate change.

Best wishes

In a few decades years, strategic classic energy raw materials, ie minerals contained in the Earth's crust, will be exhausted.

Extracting these minerals from deeper layers of the earth's crust may be unprofitable.

In addition, it may be unnecessary in a situation of global warming and the development of renewable, ecologically clean sources of energy.

However, which type of power supply for motor vehicles should be developed so that the economic, social and ecological effects are the most in line with the strategic goals of the balanced economic development of the world?

If it is electromobility it will be necessary to significantly increase the production of electricity.

Will we be able to stop or at least completely slow down adverse climate changes, global warming, progressing greenhouse effect on Earth?

This is probably the most important problem to explore and solve in the 21st century.

Unfortunately, many people, including politicians and entrepreneurs managing large industrial corporations ignore the seriousness of this problem. It is necessary to develop research in this area, in the matter of examining the determinants of climate change, global warming, rising average temperature on the Earth, progressing greenhouse effect on Earth. These problems must be publicized in the mass media. While it is not too late, while this unfavorable process can be partially reversed. Or maybe we can not reverse this process anymore? Maybe it's too late? What then, will we be able to protect, at least partially, the biosphere, natural ecosystems due to these adverse climate changes, anomalies and climatic cataclysms, from drought in many areas currently agricultural or possessing a rich biosphere? Research on these topics needs to be developed, publicized, and published. Perhaps, finally, politicians and owners of industrial corporations will change their approach to more pro-ecological. This is probably the most important question for the 21st century: Will we be able to stop adverse climate changes, including the progressing greenhouse effect on Earth?

Since the beginning of the 20th century, the average temperature on the Earth has increased by 1 ° C

Therefore, the greenhouse effect of the Earth has already begun.

Greenhouse gas emissions have increased in recent decades.

As a result, the global warming process accelerates.

The climate is warming, and therefore more and more climatic cataclysms are emerging.

Droughts and declining areas of agricultural crops are a serious threat.

Will these adverse climate changes be deepened?

In connection with the above, it is particularly important to answer the question: How many degrees ° C the will increase the average temperature on the Earth by the end of the 21st century?

In the context of global warming, is the significance of the sustainable pro-ecological development of the global economy increasing?

The report of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) shows that greenhouse gas levels on the globe are the highest in 800,000 years. Further emission, which arises according to the authors of the report mainly due to the combustion of fossil fuels, will lead to climate changes, which will be the greater, the more intensive will be the release of gases into the atmosphere. The report is a synthesis of earlier findings of the IPCC.

The conducted prognostic analyzes show that if the industrial development proceeds in the same way as before, i.e. without the implementation of eco-innovations, without reducing greenhouse gas emissions, etc. there is a risk that by 2050 the average temperature on the Earth's surface may increase by another one degrees ° C. It would have been an increase in the average temperature on the surface of the Earth from the end of the first industrial revolution, from the beginning of the 20th century by two degrees ° C. Then the pace of climate change will increase so much that the global warming process can escape any control and then the person will not be able to stop or significantly slow down this process. In such a dark scenario, the average temperature on the surface of the Earth until the end of the twenty-first century may increase by as much as four degrees ° C. Then it will be several times the increase of any negative external effects of climate change on the current state. Slak of emerging climatic cataclysms, including tornadoes, droughts, volcanic eruptions, melting of glaciers in chains of mountain peaks and in the arctic circle region at the Arctic will significantly accelerate. The melting of eternal decay in the Arctic region will release further millions of tons of methane and the greenhouse effect will accelerate even further and in the XXII century an increase in the average temperature on the Earth's surface can achieve a geometric pace. Then it will be a disaster not only for human civilization but also for a large part of life forms on Earth. Pradoxically, man as a rational, intelligent being who, evolutionarily gained an advantage over all other forms of life on Earth and subordinated the whole planet to itself, may lead to self-destruction. Or maybe it is not too late to implement a new eco-friendly economy to at least try to stop greenhouse gas emissions and reverse unfavorable global warming processes? It is therefore necessary to promote and implement the principles of sustainable development within the framework of the new green economy.

Please, answer the following questions:

What next with the global warming of the Earth's climate?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

Chart. Global Warming. CO2 emissions of greenhouse gases, a forecast of the increase in the average temperature on Earth. Source: NOAA, NASA.

Do you think that international cooperation should increase to promote the sustainable pro-ecological development and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions on Earth?

In December 2018, the United Nations climate summit in Katowice took place in Katowice. COP (Conference of the Parties) on climate policy on Earth. UN climate summits, i.e. COP (Conference of the Parties) are global conferences during which climate policy actions are negotiated. Poland twice hosted them - in 2008 in Poznań and in 2013 in Warsaw. In December 2018, the climate summit is held for the first time now in Katowice in Poland.

During this summit, conferences are held, discussions are held on the need to develop a sustainable development policy and the need for development of ecological, renewable energy sources in order to generate a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the future and ultimately reduce the average annual temperature rise on the Earth's surface. From the discussions it follows that it is necessary to develop eco-innovations, new pro-ecological energy sources, development of electromobility of transport means. It is necessary to develop and implement on a large scale renewable energy sources. In addition, it is important to increase the scale of afforestation, as forests and the flora contained in them absorb a large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.

As part of this year's UN Climate Summit, the 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP24), 14th Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP 14) and the Conference of the Paris Agreement signatories (CMA 1) are held. About 20,000 people from 190 countries participate in the event, including politicians, representatives of non-governmental organizations, and scientific and business spheres.

Perhaps during this UN climate summit important and specific agreements, declarations and signed agreements on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will be taken. The present lectures show that in recent years the warming process of the Earth's climate has accelerated significantly and therefore, in the black scenario of future climate changes, the temperature on the Earth's surface can rise by 4 ° C to the end of the 21st century. If this happened, then the scale of climate-related cataclysms that are dangerous to humans, including droughts, floods, fires and weather anomalies in many places around the world, will increase many times. The problem is very serious globally and therefore a lot depends on whether international cooperation will develop in order to limit these problems and their negative effects.

In view of the above, I would like to ask you: Should you think that international cooperation should increase to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on Earth? In addition, another key question arises: how much of this international cooperation is possible, to what extent will real and effective measures be undertaken on the basis of the discussions and declarations undertaken to reduce greenhouse gases?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

Data source: http://cop24.katowice.eu

It is most to focus adoption in existing surrounding and circumstances

In order to solve the problems related to the global warming of the Earth's climate, international cooperation should develop to develop a common global strategy of pro-ecological activities and sustainable development of the new green economy.

In December 2018, the United Nations climate summit in Katowice took place in Katowice. COP (Conference of the Parties) on climate policy on Earth. UN climate summits, i.e. COP (Conference of the Parties) are global conferences during which climate policy actions are negotiated. Poland twice hosted them - in 2008 in Poznań and in 2013 in Warsaw. In December 2018, the climate summit is held for the first time now in Katowice in Poland.

During this summit, conferences are held, discussions are held on the need to develop a sustainable development policy and the need for development of ecological, renewable energy sources in order to generate a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the future and ultimately reduce the average annual temperature rise on the Earth's surface. From the discussions it follows that it is necessary to develop eco-innovations, new pro-ecological energy sources, development of electromobility of transport means. It is necessary to develop and implement on a large scale renewable energy sources. In addition, it is important to increase the scale of afforestation, as forests and the flora contained in them absorb a large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.

As part of this year's UN Climate Summit, the 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP24), 14th Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP 14) and the Conference of the Paris Agreement signatories (CMA 1) are held. About 20,000 people from 190 countries participate in the event, including politicians, representatives of non-governmental organizations, and scientific and business spheres.

Perhaps during this UN climate summit important and specific agreements, declarations and signed agreements on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will be taken. The present lectures show that in recent years the warming process of the Earth's climate has accelerated significantly and therefore, in the black scenario of future climate changes, the temperature on the Earth's surface can rise by 4 ° C to the end of the 21st century. If this happened, then the scale of climate-related cataclysms that are dangerous to humans, including droughts, floods, fires and weather anomalies in many places around the world, will increase many times. The problem is very serious globally and therefore a lot depends on whether international cooperation will develop in order to limit these problems and their negative effects.

In view of the above, I would like to ask you: Should you think that international cooperation should increase to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on Earth? In addition, another key question arises: how much of this international cooperation is possible, to what extent will real and effective measures be undertaken on the basis of the discussions and declarations undertaken to reduce greenhouse gases?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

Data source: http://cop24.katowice.eu

What are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions on Earth?

The issue of reducing greenhouse gas emissions is currently one of the most important problems for urgent solutions in connection with the accelerating process of global warming.

The fact that the development of human civilization is largely responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases is an irrefutable fact confirmed by numerous independent research centers.

However, in individual countries, the development of industry is at various stages of development.

In individual countries, sources of greenhouse gas emissions can be presented in a different source structure of these emissions.

In some countries, in large agglomerations, the main source of greenhouse gas emissions is transport based on traditional combustion of fossil fuels, combustion of low-quality mineral and non-mineral minerals in domestic furnaces, and energy based on mineral combustion.

Therefore, I am asking you the following questions:

And how is greenhouse gas emissions in your countries or cities?

What are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions in your country, in the cities where you live?

If you live in cities, is smog a problem?

Is smog the problem in your cities mainly in the winter season or also in other seasons?

Is the greenhouse gas emissions structure in your country significantly different compared to global greenhouse gas emissions data?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

Chart. Global Warming. CO2 emissions of greenhouse gases, a forecast of the increase in the average temperature on Earth. Source: NOAA, NASA.

As part of the implementation of the sustainable pro-ecological development of the global economy should be reduced classic energy sources based on the burning of minerals?

Why is there still traditional energy based on burning minerals in some countries?

The problem is when the economically weak, small domestic economy has only traditional energy minerals, such as hard coal or lignite, and there are no developed different forms of renewable energy sources. In such a situation, there is a lack of financial resources for switching energy to renewable energy sources so as to move towards sustainable development according to the philosophy of the new, green economy, in order to limit the emission of greenhouse gases. The warming of the Earth's climate is already a fact and is a serious growing problem. Therefore, renewable energy sources should be developed. Rich countries should support countries characterized by weaker economy, lower incomes and based on traditional energy technologies. It is therefore necessary to strengthen international cooperation in the area of promotion, support and financing of investment projects, thanks to which it will be possible to develop renewable energy sources in the future and aim at sustainable pro-ecological development.

In view of the above, I would like to ask you: Why is there still traditional energy based on burning minerals in some countries?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion

Can we still avoid a global climatic catastrophe and what should be done to avoid it?

Humanity has reportedly only had a decade of time for necessary changes in the energy sector to avoid a global climatic catastrophe, i.e. to implement the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development in line with the concept of a new, green economy

Much has to change in consumer awareness, business must change and different social groups should force policies and change legal regulations. It is necessary to develop co-financing of investment projects in the field of renewable energy sources by the state from public funds. In addition, businesses must see this business. The development of renewable energy sources should be profitable, and it is not because it is cheaper to mine minerals, to devastate the natural environment. It is cheap to run classic energy based on mineral combustion because this classic energy and mining industry of hard and brown coal, oil refinery industry, automotive industry of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines etc. is not burdened with the costs of natural environment devastation, costs of treatment of people who suffer from due to poor air, smog and no negative effects of global warming. If the mining, energy, processing and automotive industries were burdened with these costs, then it would not be worthwhile to devastate and pollute the natural environment. Then it would be more profitable to develop energy and industry based on renewable energy sources. Inventions of electricity have over 100 years of history. 100 years ago, electric cars should be produced, but the oil business this scenario of more sustainable development has crossed out. Therefore, for over 100 years, archaic energy based on the burning of minerals has been developed. During these 100 years, the average temperature of the Earth's surface has increased by 1 degree ° C. From specific scientific studies, it appears that humanity is only 12 years left to make the necessary changes, to switch energy and industry to renewable energy sources and the automotive industry to electromobility, to reduce poor quality of stoves and domestic ovens, on the development of large and small, home solar, wind and other power plants. At the same time, investment projects in renewable energy sources should be widely developed and entire economies should switch to sustainable pro-ecological development according to the concept of a green, new economy. If during this time these changes are not implemented then the average temperature of the Earth until 2030 will increase by another min. 1 degree ° C and then in the following years the greenhouse effect will accelerate and the problem of global warming will become an irreversible process, which will mean the widespread apocalyptic climate disasters covering most of the Earth's surface before the end of the 21st century.

In view of the above, the current question is: Can we still avoid a global climatic catastrophe and what should be done to avoid it?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

The above question inspired me to the following considerations:

Is sustainable ecological pro-ecological development based on the concept of a new, green economy necessary to avoid a global climate disaster?

Sustainable proecological economic development based on the concept of a new, green economy regarding entire national economies and future global economies is a necessary future that must be realized in the 21st century if humanity wants to avoid a global climate disaster. Sustainable ecological economic development is based primarily on the creation, development and implementation of large-scale ecological innovations, renewable energy technologies, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, automation and robotization of the process of sorting waste, recovery of recyclable materials, reclamation of a devastated natural environment, afforestation of post-industrial areas, development of electromobility etc. Apparently humanity has only been a decade of time to implement this plan in order to avoid a global climate disaster resulting from the increasingly faster global warming. According to World Wide Fund for Nature (https://cop.wwf.pl/en) humanity is already an endangered species in the 21st century!

In view of the above, the current question is: Is sustainable ecological pro-ecological development based on the concept of a new, green economy necessary to avoid a global climate disaster?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

Can the afforestation of civilization-modified areas significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

Afforestation of civilization-modified areas can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and is an important element of sustainable pro-ecological development

In many countries, in individual regions and urban agglomerations, tree planting projects are currently underway as part of afforestation programs for civilization-modified areas. In some countries afforestation of civilizational modified areas is considered one of the most important instruments to neutralize the negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions. The main premise of this thesis is the fact that certain species of trees and shrubs absorb significant amounts of CO2 and improve microclimate and water management in surface layers of soil. However, according to the results of scientific research in a situation of high greenhouse gas emissions, afforestation will not solve the problem of global warming. If in a given country, in a given agglomeration the majority of households, motor vehicles and enterprises from the energy sector relies on burning of minerals, the emission of greenhouse gases is so high that afforestation may reduce this emission to a very small extent. In this situation, apart from afforestation, other projects should be developed that will enable the implementation of the principles of sustainable, pro-ecological development based on the concept of a new, green economy. These other pro-ecological undertakings include, first of all, the development of renewable energy sources, increasing the efficiency of waste segregation, recovering secondary materials, development of electromobility in the automotive industry, development of programs for implementation, implementation and financing of eco-innovations, such as the construction of small household ecological power plants based eg on installing house roofs photovoltaic panels replacing stoves, in which often poor quality minerals are burned, etc. Therefore, afforestation does not solve the serious problem of global warming but should be developed as one of many instruments to reduce the negative greenhouse gas emission effects.

In addition, it is particularly important to protect existing forest resources, including natural forest ecosystems characterized by high biodiversity, and therefore a high biological value, such as rainforest, tropic rainforest of the Amazon. However, this is only an example of the largest, existing natural forest ecosystem on Earth. All other such ecosystems should be under strict protection and should be excluded from the predatory, devastating forest exploitation economy, i.e. harvesting timber from these natural forest ecosystems, because in the context of the problem of global warming they are one of the most important, most valuable resources of the planet Earth .

In view of the above, the current question is: Can the afforestation of civilization-modified areas significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

What is the role of particular social groups in the dissemination of sustainable pro-ecological development based on the concept of a new, green economy?

The role of engineers is particularly important for enabling sustainable development, including sustainable pro-ecological development, based on the concept of a new, green economy. Engineers create new technological solutions, new energy technologies, ecological innovations, innovative ecological buildings, develop renewable energy sources in industry and other applications, create automation technologies for waste segregation, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, develop electromobility, carry out investment projects to reclaim a devastated natural environment, etc. Apart from engineers, the key actors are the state as an economic entity and financial institutions, ie the main actors of external financing of environment-friendly investment projects, thanks to which sustainable sustainable development based on the concept of green economy is enabled and implemented. The role of politicians who set the direction of the necessary systemic changes is also important. Also important is the role of citizens who within the civil and information society are increasingly aware of the threats to the growing risk of climatic cataclysms that are a derivative of the progressive global warming. The role of mass media and new online media is important, including social media portals, thanks to which the level of social awareness for this type of important problems, particularly important in the 21st century, important for humanity, for the whole planet Earth is growing.

In view of the above, the current question is: What is the role of particular social groups in the dissemination of sustainable pro-ecological development based on the concept of a new, green economy?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

James W. Gerdemann an expert in forest pathology and mycorrhizae taught that the secret to success in urban forestry is to have no more than 10% of any species planting. This prevents pests and disease from decimating the urban forest. Ideally the diversity will allow for good long term results. Dutch elm disease and oak wilt have been very destructive in monocultures. Often urban forests are not well planned and they do not optimize the desired environmental results. Madison Wisconsin the tree city of the United States could be an example of a well wooded urban environment.

enjoy the autumn colors of the urban trees of Madison Wisconsin USA

Climate change and increasing drought as a negative weather anomaly?

Climate change, mainly in the field of global warming, will in many places step up the forest areas. There will be droughts in areas where there were no such negative weather anomalies. these processes will reduce the amount of water both on the surface of the Earth and in the soil saplings. Also, underground watercourses located on shallower underground layers may dry over a period of several years in the area covered by long-lasting drought. this type of negative process of warming and drying the climate in a given area may result in desertification of areas where vegetation previously occurred.

In view of the above, the current question is: Climate change and increasing drought as a negative weather anomaly?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

How to develop environmentally sustainable economic development to slow down the unfavorable warming of the Earth's climate?

With the warming of the Earth's climate, the risk of more dramatic climate cataclysms, including tsunamis, increases.

Tsunami may be a derivative of the global warming problem. Global warming generates an increase in climate disasters, including more cases of tsunamis.

But not only is the risk of more violent and more dramatic tsunamis rising. Also in recent years, there has been more other types of climate and natural climate catatics, such as droughts, rainstorms, tornadoes and weather anomalies.

At present, it should no longer be asked whether global warming generates an increase in natural disasters only what rate of growth will be recorded in the future? So many data, research centers confirms the progressing process of global warming, that the problem is unquestionable. More and more data points to the growing risk of climate change, unfavorable for human and life on the Earth, increase of climate disasters, climatic and weather anomalies, which are the result of global warming, rising average annual temperature near the Earth's surface. Now we should just ask: How can these adverse processes be counteracted? What ecological technologies, renewable energy sources, how to help natural environments, how to rebuild them, such as afforestation, to build natural ecosystems absorbing greenhouse gases? How to develop ecological business ventures? How to create financing systems for this type of pro-ecological projects? How to dispel international cooperation in this matter? What actions should be taken to move towards the development of a new ecological green economy? How to develop environmentally sustainable economic development to slow down the unfavorable warming of the Earth's climate?

Please reply. I invite you to the discussion

More and more scientific research confirms that more and more climatic disasters and weather anomalies occurring in recent years are a derivative of the progressive global warming. More and more often among scientists investigating this issue appears the view that if the average annual temperature at the surface of the Earth by the end of the 21st century will rise by another 3-4 ° C, then man will become an endangered species. If this black scenario was to be realized, in a few dozen years the areas that can be inhabited by people are significantly shrinking globally.

I invite you to the discussion.

Is this the last moment to attempt to implement environmentally sustainable development in order to limit the climate warming process?

It should not be assumed that the global warming process has become irreversible. It does not have to be too late to develop ecological innovations, renewable energy sources, increase the efficiency of recyclables, reduce plastic production, etc. to implement the concept of pro-ecological sustainable zero development and the implementation of green economy. Perhaps it is not too late to attempt to implement environmentally sustainable development, we owe it to future generations, we owe it to our children and grandchildren. Such statements have repeatedly appeared during lectures and discussions during the UN Climate Summit, the so-called COP (Conference of the Parties), which was held in Katowice in December 2018.

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

Will changing the entire energy, communication and industry to renewable energy sources and ecological technologies significantly slow down the greenhouse effect on Earth?

Does any of you conduct research in this area? Apparently, the greenhouse effect is an irreversible process. the only thing that can be done is to slow down this process and thus adverse weather anomalies, unusual atmospheric phenomena, disasters caused by climate change. The development of industry based on traditional energy sources, ie burning of minerals, still dominates in many regions of the world. In domestic terms, the management of economies often boils down to economic growth, development of the industry without taking into account environmental protection issues and analysis of greenhouse gas emissions. In national economic policies, the tendency of the race is dominating for a higher number of economic growth, and the negative effects of this growth are forgotten. An attitude is assumed that the next generations are worried about how to solve this problem. Such an approach will accelerate only the negative effects of the global greenhouse effect and the emergence of disasters and natural disasters about the sources of climate change in a larger part of the world. More and more often the question is asked: how can we stop this process only as this process of warming up of average temperatures on Earth could be slowed down? What scale of this downturn could be generated if mankind would start to take this problem seriously? Does any of you conduct research in this area? Has any of you developed a theoretical model that would answer the question: Will switching all energy, communication and industry to renewable energy sources and ecological technologies significantly slow down the greenhouse effect on Earth?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

A good quistion I will follow answer

Climate change is influencing many processes, so its the time to become more strategic and we have to plan research keeping in view the aspects of climate change

hydroelectric has enormous potential yet most of the emphasis has been on mega projects which can have their own environmental impact. Micro hydroelectrical can be used without disruption of the stream flow and provide a distributed flow from many different areas to distribute electricity on the grid more effectively.

The combining of wind solar and batteries can give an off grid stable energy supply when these are hooked up to the grid they can provide a stability to the electric grid and avoid the need for mega electric plants and their disruption.

We should consider our activities that might give big impact to the environment. Environmental at risk.

Great discussions !

Conservation and energy efficiency is always the cheapest form of electricity.

Since 1992 the world leaders have been convening to discuss and negotiate how to reduce CO2 emissions without ever reaching a consensus. Present populist governments and neoliberal economies are not conducive to assist in achieving solid agreements within the global community. This is unfortunate and deleterious to the future of humanity. Science is predicting that certain areas are/will be more affected than other by drastic weather patterns, therefore, I think that every country should/could develop plans specific for their location and situation, according to the data presented by computer models. Also, we MUST stabilize the size of human population as we will continue to add 1 billion people to the our planet every 12 years, according to present rates of increase. Therefore, it is imperative and a a priority emphasis (in my opinion) to stabilize population size to 2 -2.5 billion, as it was about 60 years ago. Empowering women worldwide through education to manage fertility is a necessary directional approach that complemented by reasonable and more equitable immigration policies could have the beneficial effects that are expected to improve climate and environment.

Organic and no till farmers have become expert in mixtures of plant species used for cover cropping to provide diversity in cropping systems. The cover crops provide greater function and services when mixtures are used and show better adaptability to stress environments. I believe the use of reduced and no till and crop cover mixtures and innovative rotations are good examples of ecological innovations which producers and researchers are investigating and developing.

Article Global Warming Mitigation Through Carbon Sequestrations in t...

I think that agriculture is the most important field that requires changes because of climate change. Maybe to find back to methods that consume less energy and that produce food at cheaper prices. Challenges are more with´regards to natural hazards. In this context water supply, water related hazards and sanitation are surely fields of concern.

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG, In my opinion, due to the faster and faster climate change, the accelerating process of global warming, the increasing pollution of the natural environment, the time has come to change the strategy consisting in changing the classic economy towards green economy by implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development in economic processes. As part of this strategy change, national and international financing systems for pro-ecological projects from green finance sources should be created. Within these systems, international institutions should be created to finance projects for implementing ecological reforms, creating and implementing eco-innovation, etc. Grants should be awarded for research projects in the field of renewable energy development. Such programs of national and international financing of pro-ecological projects are still underdeveloped. International financing systems for the creation and implementation of pro-ecological innovations and pro-ecological reforms in many branches of modern economies should be developed, primarily in the energy sector through the development of renewable energy sources. National and international systems for financing pro-ecological reforms in the green finance formula should be developed. The next several years is the last moment to carry out the necessary ecological reforms to avoid a chain reaction of increasing climatic disasters and reduce the scale of environmental pollution and protect most of the remaining biosphere, biodiversity from irreversible degradation. Therefore, humanity should reduce greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, develop energy based on renewable energy sources, electromobility, organic farming, sorting garbage, recycling, etc. It is necessary to implement the principles of sustainable ecological development as soon as possible in accordance with the green economy philosophy and ecological financing reforms from green finance sources. Time is short. It is not certain that humanity will completely reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to zero by 2050. It is also not certain that if humanity succeeds, the global warming process will cease to deepen. However, implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development is a necessity and the biggest challenge in the 21st century. In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution with plastics, mainly plastic waste, has been growing strongly. Recently, however, the growing problem of plastic pollution has recently begun to be seen, as well as pollution of both land and water environments of rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. In the European Union, this problem has also been noticed at the level of policy and changes in legal regulations. An example is the introduction by the European Parliament of regulations according to which plastic in packaging can be used until 2021 and after 2021 it is to be replaced by biodegradable materials. However, this is only the beginning of the necessary ecological reforms, which should be implemented to a greater extent and on a global scale. Environmental reforms are necessary to reduce the negative effects of environmental pollution and the global warming process that is moving faster and faster. The implementation of the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development is necessary to avoid a global ecological and climate catastrophe, climate-related armageddon, which may appear at the end of the 21st century if in the next dozen or so years classical economy is not turned into a green economy. There is little time left to save humanity and the biodiversity of planet Earth. In connection with the above, one of the most important challenges for humanity in the 21st century is the protection of the Earth's biosphere and natural biodiversity. Biodiversity of the Earth's biosphere is therefore very important, because if we don't take care of it, we can soon destroy civilization. Maintaining the biodiversity of the Earth's biosphere is a key challenge for humanity in the 21st century. If humanity does not protect biodiversity from negative factors of civilization development, the deepening imbalance in nature will lead to crossing the critical point of this imbalance, after which crossing will no longer be possible to return to balance and the destruction of many life forms, including people, may be inevitable already XXII century. Exceeding this critical point of equilibrium in nature may appear in a dozen or so years if the acceleration rate of the global warming process is still as fast as in recent years. so there is not much time left for humanity to realize how important it is to protect the biodiversity of the Earth's biosphere and how quickly the necessary ecological reforms should be carried out. The strong increase in forest fires in various climate zones of the planet Earth recorded in 2019 is a serious warning signal for humanity. This is a kind of SOS signal sent by Earth's nature towards man, that the development of civilization with the negative effects of this development is approaching the critical point of imbalance in nature. After exceeding this critical point, it will no longer be possible to stop the global warming process that is accelerating and the destruction of most of the Earth's biosphere at the end of the 21st century will become a reality. Time is running out. In this connection, the key question arises: what should a man do regarding the implementation of the principles of sustainable ecological development in the coming years? How to protect the Earth's biosphere, natural biodiversity and thus also humanity against destruction, against climate armageddon at the end of the 21st century? The next several years is the last moment to carry out the necessary ecological reforms to avoid a chain reaction of increasing climatic disasters and reduce the scale of environmental pollution and protect most of the remaining biosphere, biodiversity from irreversible degradation. Therefore, humanity should reduce greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, develop energy based on renewable energy sources, electromobility, organic farming, sorting garbage, recycling, etc. It is necessary to implement the principles of sustainable ecological development as soon as possible in accordance with the green economy philosophy and ecological financing reforms from green finance sources. Time is short. It is not certain that humanity will completely reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to zero by 2050. It is also not certain that if humanity succeeds, the global warming process will cease to deepen. However, implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development is a necessity and the biggest challenge in the 21st century.

Best wishes

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Yes we need to adapt to the climate change which is accelerating all around us.

Yes we need to reduce fossil fuel dependence with dispatch.

This being said we cannot cut our fossil fuel to avoid which is already happening and in addition the level of cuts suggested would likely not happen.

The cutting of emissions has progressed well in North America and Europe but the rest of the world is having a growth of these emissions as their economies grow. China and India being the most obvious case in point.

What is being lost is the sequestration has gotten relatively little attention and action. While our emission cutting is somewhat limited the sequestration of greenhouse gases represents a untapped and unlimited opportunity.

The proven methods of sequestration have a additional advantage that they can improve both environment and be a source of renewable energy to replace fossil fuel energy which is so problematic.

Agriculture should become more resilient and regenerative. In order to achieve this more emphasis should be given to the culture of producing food in various regions of the world and preserving that knowledge, techniques and technology that our farming ancestors have been employing for a very long time. In other words a systemic change is needed in agriculture and the vehicle that is promising to make this happen is agroecology.