Demographers estimate that by 2050, the number of people on Earth will reach 10 billion. With such a number of people, the agricultural economy, logistics of food supplies and people's eating habits will have to change. It is likely that economics will force these processes, which will result in the transition of the majority of humanity to nutrition mainly based on vegetable and vegetarian diets. Meat production is many times more expensive than the production of cereals, fruits and vegetables. In addition, according to scientific research and the theory of futurologists, the production of traditional meat, e.g. pork and beef, may be replaced by the production of protein from insect breeding. Research shows that there are more proteins in the bodies of insects than in traditional meat dishes. In addition, the logistics of food supplies, agri-food products will have to improve. Systems for matching agricultural and reptile production to the current needs of the industry and the nutritional needs of people will be improved so as to reduce the scale of food wastage. The biggest threat to the implementation of this plan may be unexpected atmospheric phenomena, natural disasters, droughts, hurricanes, tropical heat in the areas in which agricultural crops have been cultivated so far. In addition, industrial exploitation of arable land and climate change causes soil depletion and the disintegration of areas suitable for agricultural production. Therefore, it will be necessary to continue the technological progress in the production of crops, in biotechnology, in the creation of new plant varieties resistant to pests and adverse climatic changes.
Best wishes
The above question inspired me to the following considerations:
Many studies show that the most effective organic farming involves cultivating a formula that refers to natural, complex, biologically multispecies ecosystems.
The formula of ecological agriculture consisting in cultivating many different plant species side by side, referring to the formation of a natural ecosystem, allows to eliminate chemical plant protection products and reduce biological fertilization.
Only the use of biologically neutral machines and technical devices for crops to correct the functioning of organic crops would allow the improvement of this formula and the pursuit of sustainable agriculture.
Only the question of the legitimacy of using or possibly resigning from the creation of new, more resistant to various diseases and pests of new varieties of cultivated plants through the application of genetics engineering would remain to be considered.
It is not about creating new species of plants or animals through genetic manipulation techniques, but about breeding more resistant to diseases and pests new crop varieties as a perfecting cultivation formula referring to the natural ecosystem.
Crops referring to the natural biological biological system should be improved by the creation and introduction into these complex crops of these new varieties of crop plants in order to restore biological balance, which was previously significantly reduced through the widespread use of monoculture crops grown under classical agriculture.
In this way, it is possible to recreate sustainable agriculture in the future in areas where formerly monocultural farming crops or reclamation areas were previously operated.
Therefore, I would like to ask you: Should chemistry and monoculture be reduced in sustainable and ecological agriculture and agricultural techniques referring to natural ecosystems should be developed?
Best wishes
The above discussion inspired me to the following considerations:
The importance of agriculture in modern economies in the context of the progressive global warming of the Earth
Agriculture is the basic sector of national economies. The technological progress that has been taking place over the millennia, including mechanization and the chemization of agriculture developed since the beginning of the 20th century, through the use of chemical plant protection products, and then genetics have increased yield per hectare. Technical and technological progress in agriculture has also contributed to the gradual decline in employment in agriculture. However, these are not the most serious problems of agriculture.
However, many scientific studies and data of climatologists suggest that in the near future, in the 21st century, these will not be the most serious problems of agricultural development. Well, in the 21st century, due to the progressive global warming, crop acreages and areas of arable land can be significantly reduced. In connection with the emission of greenhouse gases in the perspective of the next dozen or so years, the process of global warming may enter the phase of acceleration of this warming and the inability to reverse this process if man in the coming years fails to implement pro-ecological reforms to implement sustainable and pro-ecological development based on national and global economy.
The concept of a new, green economy. If this negative scenario was to be realized then by the end of the 21st century at the latest the average temperature at the Earth's surface will increase by as much as another 4 degrees C, which will increase and increase the scale of increasingly emerging climatic cataclysms, all glaciers and arable land areas they will decrease. As part of climate disasters, droughts, desertification and steppping of existing areas covered with greenery will appear. These processes will also reduce arable land areas.
There will be problems with the boarding of a large part of the population, the scale of the national migration of people in search of places to live will increase, to survive. More and more permanent economic crises will appear and the risk of dramatic events, including wars, will increase. Humanity can not let this happen. This is the main challenge of humanity for the 21st century. In the near future, ecological innovations, renewable energy sources, streamlining the process of waste segregation and recycling, the electromobility of motorization etc. should be developed. Scientific research shows that these projects should be carried out on a large scale globally already in the perspective of the next decade. Otherwise, the process of global warming will accelerate and become an irreversible process, which in turn would lead to a global climate disaster at the latest at the end of the 21st century.
Best wishes
In view of the above, it is also important to include in the above discussion also the following issue:
Is ecological sustainable agriculture developed according to the concept of natural ecosystems, including the genetically-based genetically-scaled species that will be used in a limited, fully controlled environment, help in the 21st century in increasing the productivity of crop production in the situation of declining areas of arable land?
In connection with the warming up of the Earth's climate by the end of the 21st century, a significant part of the arable land will be either flooded by the seas and oceans or will be excluded from the production of crops due to intensifying drought. As part of the civilizational progress, including increasing the productivity of crop production per hectare, it will be necessary to continue research in this field. As part of the pro-ecological development of agriculture based on the assumptions of sustainable pro-ecological development, ie the concept of green economy, chemistry should be gradually reduced to reduce environmental pollution and reduce the impact of chemicals on human health and other life forms. In this way, the adverse impact of civilizational imbalances in natural ecosystems will be limited.
In connection with the above, the aim of continuing increasing the production efficiency of agricultural crops per hectare in the future will be intensified by mechanization automation, robotization, improvement of weather forecasting and logistics systems for field works, and improvement of current crop varieties by increasing their resistance to viral and bacterial diseases , fungal, parasitic etc. An important field of research and scientific discipline, thanks to which it is possible to gradually improve current crop varieties by increasing their resistance to diseases is genetics. In addition, it is necessary to improve irrigation and greenhouse systems due to the progressive global warming and more and more often natural cataclysms. It is also important to improve the techniques of recycling and re-use of waste from intensified agricultural production, so that those wastes that are unsuitable for re-use were as few as possible.
It is also important to limit the wastage of produced crops, reduce and develop the recycling of organic waste from the food production process in the agri-food processing sector. As part of the development of sustainable agriculture, it is also important to develop organic farming referring to natural ecosystems. This type of agriculture refers to natural ecosystems in which primary varieties of arable crops function or function. As part of this concept of ecological agriculture, different agricultural crops grow on one agricultural area, which also limits the potential scale of pest feeding and feeding, and ensures a better economy of savings in the use of plant protection products.
Therefore, the use of genetics should be limited only to the successive improvement of current varieties of agricultural produce by increasing their resistance to viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic diseases, and not to create completely new species of flora and fauna. In this way, through the process of improving, increasing resistance to diseases of agricultural crops, genetics would help to restore or at least significantly increase the natural balance in intensified agriculture. For this process to work it is necessary to develop also the above-mentioned other techniques of environmentally-friendly sustainable development of agriculture.
All of the above-mentioned techniques must be applied in a purposefully, precisely planned integrated system of managing sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. In this way, the developed agriculture will be adequate to increase the risk of unfavorable effects of the progressive global warming of the Earth's climate and will be one of the most important determinants of the globally developed sustainable economic development of the entire human civilization, ie deliberately oriented development according to the concept of green economy.
Best wishes
Climate change impacts agriculture in several ways such as changes in average temperatures, rainfall and climate extremes with an important effect on soil erosion (i.e. floods, drought, etc), changes in pests and diseases, changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide, changes in the nutritional quality of some foods, changes in growing season, and changes in sea level. The yield of maize, rice, wheat, potatoes and vegetables has declined due to climate change and expected to reduce seriously by 2050 globally. Please have a look at the following RG links for more details.
Article Climate change impacts on global agriculture
Article Impact of Climate Change on Indian Agriculture: A Review
Article Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food Security in India
Article Impact of climate change on Indian agriculture
Article The Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture
Article The Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in Developing Countries
Article A Review on Relationship between Climate Change and Agriculture
Chapter Effect of Climate Change on Agricultural Crops
The above discussion inspired me to the following considerations:
Should humanity strive to achieve full sustainable socio-economic pro-ecological economic development in the 21st century?
Some researchers of this problem ask the following question: Is full sustainable socio-economic ecological development in the 21st century possible?
Currently, ecological innovations are being developed in many countries, and renewable energy sources are being developed. For max. decades of traditional energy sources based on minerals will be exhausted. Agricultural arable areas are also likely to shrink. Economics will force an increase in the use of secondary raw materials and reductions in more and more expensive emissions of harmful waste. So in the new pro-ecological economy synergies of pro-ecological different activities will be realized. This synergy may perhaps generate the necessary added value. this added value may, at least partly, help to realize the beautiful ideas of sustainable socio-economic development. Will this happen now? But everything should be done to make it possible, if it ever was possible.
In the context of the above considerations, the following question is also current:
What are the forecasted changes in the structure of agricultural production in the future?
70 percent intensified production of agricultural products is absorbed by the production of livestock, above all for the purpose of meat production.
If this production would be burdened with the costs of neutralization of harmful, negative effects of environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions generated by intensified meat production, then a correspondingly higher meat price would take into account the costs of repairing the mentioned negative externalities.
Then, a drop in meat consumption would generate a drop in the intensification of agricultural production. At that time, most of the agriculture could switch from intensified, productive agriculture to organic farming.
Generally healthier agricultural produce would be produced with a much smaller amount of applied chemistry, and overproduction of agricultural produce could be redirected to the poorest countries to eliminate the problem of hunger in Africa.
Therefore, in the context of the above considerations, the following important question appears:
Will technological progress in agriculture enable the development of sustainable environment-friendly agriculture?
Is technological progress in agriculture based on the application of scientific discoveries in the field of biotechnology, genetics, automation and robotics of field works, implementation of biodiversity principles and the creation of resistant to fungal, viral, bacterial and other cultivar diseases, etc. with the elimination of the use of chemical plant protection products will enable in the 21st century the development of sustainable environment-friendly agriculture, ie the kind of agriculture thanks to which healthy vegetables, fruits, grains free from pesticides and other chemical plant protection products and organic farming, ie non-polluting, are produced?
Best wishes
Yes, traditional knowledge system (TKS) is helpful in combating climate change. Please have a look at these RG links and PDF attachment.
Article Using traditional knowledge to cope with climate change in rural Ghana
Article Addressing Climate Change with Indigenous Knowledge
Article The Value of Indigenous Knowledge in Climate Change Mitigati...
Article Assessing indigenous knowledge systems and climate change ad...
Article Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Climate Change Adaptation: A...
Conference Paper Traditional Knowledge on Climate Change Mitigation and Adapt...
Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food, and affect food quality. For example, projected increases in temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reductions in water availability may all result in reduced agricultural productivity
https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impact
In the context of the progressive warming of the Earth's climate, the following question is of particular importance:
How will the eating habits of people change until 2050 so that you can feed 10 billion people?
Demographers estimate that by 2050, the number of people on Earth will reach 10 billion. With such a number of people, the agricultural economy, logistics of food supplies and people's eating habits will have to change. It is likely that economics will force these processes, which will result in the transition of the majority of humanity to nutrition mainly based on vegetable and vegetarian diets. Meat production is many times more expensive than the production of cereals, fruits and vegetables. In addition, according to scientific research and the theory of futurologists, the production of traditional meat, e.g. pork and beef, may be replaced by the production of protein from insect breeding.
Research shows that there are more proteins in the bodies of insects than in traditional meat dishes. In addition, the logistics of food supplies, agri-food products will have to improve. Systems for matching agricultural and reptile production to the current needs of the industry and the nutritional needs of people will be improved so as to reduce the scale of food wastage. The biggest threat to the implementation of this plan may be unexpected atmospheric phenomena, natural disasters, droughts, hurricanes, tropical heat in the areas in which agricultural crops have been cultivated so far.
In addition, industrial exploitation of arable land and climate change causes soil depletion and the disintegration of areas suitable for agricultural production. Therefore, it will be necessary to continue the technological progress in the production of crops, in biotechnology, in the creation of new plant varieties resistant to pests and adverse climatic changes.
Best wishes
I am not at all an expert in agriculture, but obviously it is and will be more and more affected by climate change (CC), since directly depending on the weather, soil and environmental conditions, actually on the involved ecosystems...Besides the technological innovations which may bring solutions and relief, the above mentioned (by Dariusz Prokopowicz ) synergies should be indeed promoted and fostered, as some integrated production which should more efficiently make use of all the available resources, including wastewater reclaiming and other forms of recycling as well as increasing the value added on every unit of crop somehow (sorry for being a bit fuzzy in the field, although interested)
There were many other factor which need more improvements to develop and increase agricultural impact. Global climate changes may be future challenge.
For India there are definitive studies done by CRIDA. Some regions will benefit & some will loose from Climate Change.
it depends: not everywhere does climate change have adverse impacts on agriculture, some regions might even benefit. The impacts are also not the same everywhere.
Solomon et al. (2015) discussed the problem of climatic changes for agriculture and reported that current climate-change models forecast that agricultural productivity will increase in some areas and decline in others.
"Solomon, E.; Martin, C.; Martin, D.W and Berg, L.R. (2015). Biology. Tenth edition. Cengage Learning, 1440 pp."
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