I do not believe there is a single way to do this, as corrosion do not tend to be uniform, and this will depend a lot on the type of corrosion and type of material. The area with corrosion will tend to be the weak area, and the material failure might happen at this point.
Corrosion should be prevented, but in case it happens, it must be treated and after there needs to be inspection to determine extension of material loss and extension to determine final remediation which will depend on the level of pressure handled by the vessel.
After treatment a pressure test with deep inspection on treated area might provide new directions to follow.
"Assessment of Corroded Metal Storage Tanks" by the American Petroleum Institute (API)
"API 653: Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction" is another standard developed by the API that provides guidelines for the inspection, repair, alteration, and reconstruction of steel storage tanks.
"Design of Corroded Steel Storage Tanks" by R.G. Beddoe and P.J. Hart
"Evaluation of Corroded Steel Storage Tanks" by L.J. Breslin and P.J. Hart
"Corrosion and Corrosion Control in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Operations" by John R. Campbell