Headaches and cases of epistaxis, or nosebleeds, are common. Nosebleeds occur due to burst or broken blood vessels in the nose. Having a headache and a nosebleed can be a sign of a minor issue, such as hay fever, or something more severe, such as anemia, or a low red blood cell count.
Yes
https://metro.co.uk/2019/06/26/can-bad-hayfever-give-you-a-nosebleed-10070217/
https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/infections/arboviruses,-arenaviruses,-and-filoviruses/hemorrhagic-fevers-overview
epistaxis has a long list of causes. Local : trauma, surgery, infection; systemic: anticoagulants, HHT, liver failure (reducing clothing function), kidney failure (ureamic platelet dysfunction), bleeding diathesis. List not exhaustive.
There is a seasonal spike in epistaxis in hot weather (due to vasodilatation of vessels). However back to to your question, I have not encountered any patient in years of working in ENT who had a nose bleed due to pyrexia.
You also asked if epistaxis could be related to anaemia. The context this could happen in that I know of is a patient with a bleeding disorder who is also loosing occult blood via the lower GI tract to give anaemia. Or recurrent chronic epistaxis causing anaemia. But I do not think epistaxis can be a sign of epistaxis, which I think you were asking.
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