Can the Italian approach for the design and the excavation to tunneling be applied in very weak schists with NATM classes C2 and C3?

14 June 2021 0 10K Report

The conventional tunnelling is applied considering NATM approach. However, the excavations are carried out partiallly such as top, bench, invert etc while Italian approach is applied full-face excavation. This has several advantages but I want to ask "is full-face excavation carried out in C2 and C3 NATM classes?"

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