In the case of donor-derived alloreactive KIR-ligand-mismatched NK cell transplant for AML patients, can the donor's NK cells kill the recipient's normal cells?
Technically, the answer to this question should be yes, but my actual question is, "Is NK-based immunotherapy is a promising treatment option for AML patients?"
Yes, it is possible for the donor's NK cells to identify and attack the recipient's normal cells in the event of a KIR-ligand-mismatched NK cell transplant. The body's defence against diseased or aberrant cells, including cancer cells, is aided by natural killer (NK) cells, a class of immune cells. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules on target cells interact with killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), which are expressed on NK cells. Target cell elimination by NK cells may depend on the presence or lack of particular KIR ligands.
The use of NK-based immunotherapy as a treatment for people with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is certainly promising. AML is a form of blood cancer in which the bone marrow experiences an unchecked expansion of aberrant myeloid cells. Natural cytotoxic properties of NK cells enable them to identify and destroy cancer cells, including AML cells, without prior sensitization.
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