Why not? It will be necessary to consturct a database by performing sufficient number of mechanical tests beforehand. :) If few experiments are possible, adaptations can be made by determining the "friction coefficients" using a finite element program. It can then be decided quickly by associating with any non-destructive test.
I don't think what you wish to do is possible; that is to obtain the bond strength without destructive testing. There is no way to know how the old material behaves.
Since it is a repairer job then every case is different. You need to set up lab testing by trying to emulate the actual cases in the lab condition.
You can perform tests in the lab, but again you must carry on loading until everything falls apart. The only consolation is testing done using samples, not the real structure. However, you have the problem of correlating the test result to the behaviour of the actual structure.