I have searched and read a lot of papers regarding exosomes quantification methods and apparently up until today only three methods were considered "reliable" and were recommended: NTA (NanoSight), TRPS (qNano), and ELISA (Exo-ELISA).
I have performed the first two methods for my experiments and apparently these instruments were not enough (in a way that they could not provide reliable data for my experiments).
The main problem in my experiment is my exosome sample might be very low in concentration. Previous measurement using TRPS instrument showed more than 100 particle (exosome) counts for original sample and less than 20 particle (exosome) counts for "processed sample". I have followed several suggestions and protocols from several papers and yet I keep having problem in obtaining necessary particle counts to produce reliable data. In summary the limit of detection for both TRPS and NTA instruments is the main problem for my research.
Exo-ELISA had been performed by my senior before and limit of detection was also the main problem in his research.
Another way to calculate exosomes will be by measuring the nucleic acid content of exosome (miRNA or mRNA). However, based on the paper below, miRNA content was not proven to be enough to be correlated with exosome particle count. Is there any reference that correlate exosomal mRNA with exosome particle count? Or is there any alternative method to quantify exosome in low concentration?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4205618/
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