Equation Koutecky–Levich is usually used to calculate the transferred-electrons number in the oxygen reduction reaction (n).
This number is approximately equal to 2 or 4. Despite accurate calculations, If this number is equal to 1 or less than 1, what does it mean?
The Electron transfer number (n) for ORR calculated from experimental data almost never comes exactly 2 or 4 but stays close.
There are many experimental factors that influence the calculation of n by the K-L equation. The K-L equation has its own sources of errors. Article Determination of Electron Transfer Number for Oxygen Reducti...
But, the K-L equation is still fine for a good estimation of n.
ORR can either take place by transferring 2 electrons producing H2O2 or by a 4 electron transfer reaction producing H2O.
In that case, if n comes 1 by calculation, the possibility is high that the calculation went wrong at some point. Or, the reaction is not ORR.
You may refer to the article: Article An In-Depth Exploration of the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduct...
There I tried to explain all the basics of the ORR reaction experiment by LSV/CV method.
Thanks.
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