Unfortunately, in my country, Iran, there is one of the highest soil erosion rates. The government and relevant organizations are not effective in controlling this process, in fact, it has not developed a comprehensive plan to control soil erosion.
My purpose in asking this question is to get information and get acquainted with the applications that have been implemented in other countries in soil erosion control.
Dear Iman Haghiyan,
Biological methods alone have not been satisfactorily proven for the reduction of soil erosion. Mechanical and Engineering methods are supportive to the the biological methods with higher efficiency. You can check this:
Chapter Mechanical Structures and Engineering Techniques
This chapter suggests residue mulching, no-till, reduced tillage, cover crops, riparian buffers, and grass filter strips etc as good biological methods for soil erosion reduction.
Following review (erosion control in Asia) may also help you to figure out the overall process:
Article A systematic review of soil erosion control practices on the...
Thank you. The article you introduced is very informative and useful
Your may find some ideas by sorting through the co-authored publications, reports, etc. I uploaded into a Researchgate. Some of them are about gully control, so we used various methods to stabilize them, but some of them more or less stabilized through time just by planting pine trees and spreading grass seed and fertilizer by the Civilian Conservation Corps and others. We also addressed various other types of erosion including landslides, post severe wildfire, eroded and non-productive agricultural lands, etc. There are many publications in the internet, and we cited some of them in preparing our work to transfer information to others. It is important to assess the factors involved, such as soil type, slope, rainfall, cover type and density, and erosion control methods. Knowledge of the native vegetation types can also be important, as they are typically adapted to the conditions. But sometimes the soil erosion is so severe, that conditions have changed, requiring extra methods and attention. Methods would likely vary with the conditions, so consulting with soil scientists, botanists, engineers, watershed managers and possibly landscapers can add insights. As far as planning, perhaps the document on soil and water conservation practices might give some ideas on what we did on the National Forests.
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Soil erosion due to wind or water. In North eastern region of India in-fact entire Himalayan belt too there is very high erosion rate say more than 16 t/ha. Over the years various approaches have been developed and implemented. Among them 3 tie system with natural forest in top, horticultural crops in middle and field crop based system on the bottom hill is important. It also includes various conservation measures like leguminous hedge row/perennial fodder crops in contours/terrace risers, cover crops, mulching/residue retention, minimum/no-till and others. Agroforestry based system is also one of the measure for conserving soil and water resources.
Soil erosion involves three main processes - detachment, transport and deposition which depend on soil erodibility, erosivity, land use, slope and land cover. Mechanical control is designed to control run off and soil erosion whereas biological control seem to be alone sufficient to reduce soil erosion to permissible levels. Canopy cover intercepts and changes erosive rain drops into non-erosive streams. Contour farming, crop rotation, strip farming, mulching, reforestation wind breaks are some of the methods in this regard. Mechanical includes dams, bulldozing, furrows, artificial channels. Hope this meets your requirement.
kindly suggest names of some fast growing multipurpose tress/shrubs (Fruit/fodder/conservation etc) suitable for humid subtropical region and also for soil and water conservation... Leguminous species like Tephrosia, Flemingia, glyricidia etc. are good but not having multiple use. Perennial pigeon pea is a very good choice...but borer is a major issue...similar species may be very good...kindly suggest names if anyone is aware..
In this paper, we attempted to review the soil erosion studies conducted throughout the globe using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). We searched the SCI, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar database and various theses for this study. Though RUSLE is the most widely used model for estimation of soil erosion, the factors, namely rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, cover management and conservation practice; vary greatly over different climatic zones, soil properties, slope, land cover and crop phase, respectively. Depending upon those variations, researchers have developed various sets of equation for different factors of RUSLE. These equations can be useful to map soil loss for many places on this planet.
Article A Review of RUSLE Model
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