Assuming A is a NxN non-singular symmetric matrix, what is the time complexity of getting k number of largest (or smallest) eigenvalues and vectors? Simply, what is time complexity of eigs(A,k) function in matlab?
Complexity for Nby N symmetric matrix is O(N^3), since at first by orthogonality of transformation the symmetric matrix by Householder or Givens transformation reduce to the tridiagonal symmetric matrix (O(2/3N^3) and bye Coquer and divided algorithm and O(N^3) we can find all of eigenvalues and for finding eigenvector we need also O(N^3).
I disagree with Peter Breuer. You can get just the largest or he smallest eigenvalues and corresponding vectors by iterations. This is critical for very large matrices and extremely important in structural dynamic response of structures. There are many other applications.
Peter- Check your facts! There is something called matrix deflation. However, my initial comments are leading to a diversion from the main question which I think is a good one!
The Power method can be used to find the dominant eigenvalue of a symmetric matrix.
The method has linear convergence.
The method requires an initial guess.
The method does work if the dominant eigenvalue has multiplicity r. The estimated eigenvector will then be a linear combination of the r eigenvectors.