Both US Presidents Bush and Obama called for a greater hydrogen-based economy; however, significant challenges remain as to generation and storage. Are there any significant advances in this field?
Hydrogen storage has indeed been a significant challenge in the widespread adoption of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier. Several breakthroughs and advancements have been made in recent years to address this issue. Some of the latest breakthroughs include:
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): MOFs are porous materials composed of metal ions or clusters connected by organic linkers. They offer high surface areas and tunable pore sizes, making them promising candidates for hydrogen storage. Researchers have been developing MOFs with tailored structures to enhance hydrogen adsorption capacities and optimize storage conditions.
Nanomaterials: Nanostructured materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles, have shown promise for hydrogen storage due to their high surface-to-volume ratios and unique physical properties. These materials can provide sites for hydrogen adsorption and facilitate reversible storage processes.
Chemical hydrogen storage: Chemical hydrogen storage involves chemically bonding hydrogen to a solid material, such as hydrides or ammonia, for subsequent release when needed. Recent research has focused on developing novel materials with high hydrogen storage capacities and reversible hydrogen release kinetics.