Communications on patients, diseases, signs, symptoms, etc are poorly defined. Universally accepted metadata specifications could provide an advancement for this matter. Is there any metadata specification already defined?
I suggest you try to look at HL7 standards (http://www.hl7.org/implement/standards/index.cfm?ref=nav), which go in the direction to standardize electronic healthcare records and communication. There are some ontology representations of its parts (e.g. HL7 RIM V3 OWL Ontology).
Then there are other standard classifications like ICD 10 by WHO - http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/ (you can also find an OWL representation) etc.
A new Google+ community is open for use and discussion:"Healthcare Scenario Minimum Data Set Community" (google+: "HSMDS"). This Community is focused on the Development of a Minimum Data Sets on Health Care related Scenarios. Anyone can join and share their thoughts, visions and expertise. This community invites all doctors, hospitals, healthcare professionals, EMR experts to share their views. Please no marketing and product promotion here. This should be strictly prohibited in this community.
SNOMED CT is a terminology and nomenclature system that is intended to reduce the variability in the way data is captured, encoded and used for clinical care of patients and research. it is not specifically a metadata system, but it does help to structure medical data to improve exchange of medical information for care and research.