Hello Showkeen,

The answer lies in how your are defination gender and also the teachers.For example, if a teacher is of the belief  in two genders they may state they a negitive view on discrimination but in pratice they may not. Or from that binarybelief that may well be true in practice but of a cross dreser, a transsexual, or a gay man, or lesbian?

Depending on you answer and the teachers under study then you match the answer to the revelant theoretical model and the methodologies found in that theoretical framework. 

In your question I suggest there are two Theories already you can use:

1) Gender is an issue therefore Gender Studies would be a good place to start from.

2) Discrimination is in your question so therefore some critical theory I would suggest

4) Based on those two bits of information I would suggest a Critical Feminist Theory or a Critical approach in Gender Theories.

5) If the defination of gender is larger then look into Queer Theory.

Data collecting,

 6) I think it will be very difficult to get access to teachers grade books so I would suggest an observational approach.

7) You can also use interviews but I caution unless you are very skilled in interviewing you may not get the data you are after.

8) You can use questionnaries but again issues of trusting the results can be brought up.

9) If I were doing the research I would use a much broader defination of gender than male-female. This wouold entail a Queer Theory combined with a Critical Gender Approach maybe one based in Patrricia Hill Collings work. I would use interviews and observations.

10) My tools would be transcribed notes from the interview, and my research field notes and possibly a survey.

11) in my analysis again from a critical point of view but I would search through Theories of discrimination.

I hope this helps

Douglas 

thank you Dr.Douglas R. Daugherty for your valuable suggestions

There are so much methods that it is difficult to answer your question. For example you can use an ethnographical approach (staying a long time in the classroom), you can also count the number of interactions between boys and teacher and girls and teacher. You can count the type and the number of interactions. You can use a chronometer to know how long is the time of the interaction. You can count the number and the type of sanctions and punishment... you can have look to the contents of the curriculum and the type of images (gendered or not, and if gendered on what way...)... But it depends also of the age of the pupils. If they are very young, it's much more difficult (for example in France the pupil are going in a State public school since 2 years sometimes) because they are not speaking a lot. It's better in this case use games or count the type of gendered words used by the only teacher... and so on...

As you wrote Jacques Gleyse, there are many different methods, whether in the register of qualitative methods (which incidentally does not release you quantify) or quantitative. Above all, your methods will have to be adapted to what you want to study. If you want to study the reproduction of gender stereotypes in textbooks you do not will proceed in the same way that if you want to understand the mobilization of gender stereotyping by teachers during class, the students among themselves during recess, during oral questions by teachers, etc. There are lots of publication on the subject, including French team that published in French.

If you read French, I would strongly advise you to read for an update about social gender relations.

Pfefferkorn Roland, 2012. Genre et Rapports Sociaux de Sexe, Edition Page deux, Coll. Empreinte, Italie : 138 p.

I also enclose an excellent recent memory II Master of Science in Education. This is an example of what can be done in the field. You will also find multiple references with methodologies descriptions (for example in the writings of Nicole Mosconi).

Hoping to have you help !

Following Marc Egrot proposal at first I think that you have to read some papers and documents taking attention to the used methods. You can find a lot in Journal of Gender Studies and of course in Feminist Studies but also in Education Science, in Education & Formation. Of course the references that Marc is giving are very good one.

See some attached files also.

I would suggest you take a look at Interpretative  Phenomenological Analyses (IPA) as a potential research method. This is a qualitative approach,  which considers personal perceptions, this was developed by Jonathan Smith at Birbeck University.

http://www.ipa.bbk.ac.uk/about-ipa

I've been answering you a few time ago. Please have look to Journal of Gender Studies and also to Feminist studies... You can find also a lot of papers in Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research... You can count the interactions between teachers and pupils but also count the type of interactions. You may also count the punishments of pupils coming from men and women and concerning girls and boys... and so on...