Any suggestions to achieve AR < 3 dB at 2.4 GHz for a self-complementary microstrip antenna?

Hello,

To improve the axial ratio in a patch antenna using CST Microwave Studio, you can adjust parameters like the patch dimensions, feed position, and potentially introduce slots or metamaterials. Techniques like using a dual-feed or employing techniques like sequential rotation can also broaden the axial ratio bandwidth. Simulation and optimization within CST are crucial to achieve the desired performance.

Detailed Steps and Techniques:

1. Understand Axial Ratio:Axial ratio (AR) describes the polarization purity of an antenna. It's the ratio of the major to minor axis of the polarization ellipse. For circular polarization, an AR of 0 dB is ideal, but a value below 3 dB is generally considered acceptable. In CST, you can calculate and plot the AR in the far-field results, visualizing its behavior across frequencies and angles.

2. Adjust Patch Dimensions:Length and Width: Increasing the length and width of the patch while maintaining the aspect ratio can improve antenna performance, including the axial ratio, according to a ResearchGate discussion. Aspect Ratio: Experiment with the ratio of length to width of the patch. A square patch (aspect ratio of 1) is a common starting point, but you might find better performance with a slight variation.

3. Optimize Feed Position:Coaxial Feed: If using a coaxial feed, carefully optimize its position to achieve a good impedance match and excite the desired polarization modes. Inset/Offset Feed: Inset or offset feeding can be used to excite orthogonal modes and improve circular polarization.

4. Introduce Slots or Metamaterials:Slots: Slots on the patch or ground plane can alter the current distribution and improve circular polarization. For example, a rectangular slot on the patch can improve the AR of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna, according to IEEE Xplore. Metamaterials: Metamaterial superstrates or other metamaterial structures can be used to enhance the gain and axial ratio, according to Wiley Online Library.

5. Multiple Feeds and Sequential Rotation:Dual-Feed: A dual-feed (or multi-feed) configuration allows for independent control of the excitation of orthogonal modes, leading to better circular polarization. Sequential Rotation: This technique, often used with multiple feeds, involves arranging the feeds in a specific pattern to achieve a wider axial ratio bandwidth, according to IntechOpen.

6. Simulation and Optimization:CST Setup: Set up your antenna model in CST Microwave Studio, including the substrate, patch, feed, and ground plane. Post-Processing: Use CST's post-processing features to analyze the axial ratio (e.g., in the broadside direction or over a range of angles). Optimization: Utilize CST's optimization tools to automatically adjust parameters (like patch dimensions, feed position, etc.) to minimize the axial ratio and achieve the desired performance.

7. Consider these factors during design:Substrate Material: The substrate permittivity affects the antenna's size and performance. Higher permittivity substrates can lead to a smaller antenna but may also impact the axial ratio. Ground Plane: The size and shape of the ground plane can influence the antenna's radiation characteristics and axial ratio.

By systematically applying these techniques and utilizing CST's simulation and optimization capabilities, you can effectively improve the axial ratio of your patch antenna and achieve the desired circular polarization performance. 📷

Thanks,

Do you think can be any Uranium bearing rocks in Eastern part of Iran and western part of Afghanistan?

Do you think can be any diamond bearing rocks in Eastern part of Iran and western part of Afghanistan?

What is the difference between mathematical R^4 space and physical 4D unit space?

If Banks do not provide credit facility, what are the options available for FPOs and impact on producer’s income?

Controlling for pupil light reflex when analyzing pupil size time course?

What are a “Farmers Producer Organization” (FPO) and its essential features?

Strugglling with m6A dot blot any suugesstion ?

Do interactions between biosphere, carbon cycle, & water cycle impact global warming & interaction between atmosphere & hydrosphere?

How to get moment output in Abaqus Standart?

How is energy cycled through the Earth's climate system and how do matter cycle and energy flow through the rock cycle?

Research Methodology - Impact of Corporate Reputation on Stakeholders Behaviors?

Anyone having idea about VN primer for miRNA primer design ?

Should I remove an item from a scale to raise Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega or is it better to leave it if they are both over .7 already?

How to Input and Analyze Results for an Asymmetrical Factorial Design in STATISTICA 13.3?

Pragmatic inquiry research design?

Is anyone aware of any Bronze Age or Neolithic pendants made of siltstone with serrated edges?

How do we pick data for determination of Validation Acceptance Criteria?

Can a shoot-through event of a tri-state digital buffer cause momentary Hi-Z state?

How to extract binding energy from pv.maegz file without using Schrodinger?

I want to conduct a research using quasi experimental design to test two treatment and one control what type of statistical tools do l use ?