Is there any prior work that compares cost, benefits, enablers, prerequisites, etc., of hopper (or bottom discharge) rail wagons / cars with that of tippler discharge systems using box or gondola wagons/cars? I am looking at the whole system, not just the wagon/car portion. The question is specifically aimed at the rail environment, moving bulk materials of various densities.
pl check it.
http://www.holtecnet.com/holtecdocs/TechnicalPapers/p_2011_5.pdf http://www.ijetmr.com/Articles/Vol3Iss2/02_IJETMR16_A02_28.pdf
I cannot directly answer your question, but I can point to useful operational examples which seem to favor tipper cars. The Brazilian company VALE has a number of publicity and informational pieces that illustrate their use of such systems at a massive scale. I feel that if they are doing this, there must be some good economic reasons as they have the resources on the dedicated line to make whatever solution is best work for them. Check out
http://www.vale.com/brasil/EN/aboutvale/news/Pages/virador-vagoes-porto-tubarao-ultrapassa-viradas-tempo.aspx
A clear aspect to consider is the dumping time. Very quick on tipper cars.
Thanks to both Kundan Meshram & Morton O'Kelly. I have seen the holtecnet paper, but not the others, and it may assist me in my thinking.
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