How they adapted to new environments (outside native habitat) from lower elevations to upper or upper to lower elevations
The increase in the range of endemic amphibians in Sri Lanka can be attributed to several factors:
1. **Improved Survey Efforts**: Enhanced and more comprehensive field surveys have led to the discovery of new populations of amphibians. This increased effort includes exploring previously under-surveyed or inaccessible areas, leading to better documentation of species' distributions.
2. **Advancements in Taxonomy and Genetics**: Modern taxonomic and genetic techniques have enabled scientists to distinguish between species more accurately. This has sometimes resulted in the identification of new species or the reclassification of known species, expanding the known range of certain endemic amphibians.
3. **Environmental Changes**: Changes in land use, climate, and habitat conditions can alter the distribution of amphibian species. Some species may expand their range into new areas as they adapt to changing environments, although this can also have negative impacts on other species.
4. **Conservation Efforts**: Successful conservation initiatives, such as the establishment of protected areas and habitat restoration projects, can contribute to the recovery and expansion of amphibian populations.
5. **Increased Awareness and Research**: Growing interest in biodiversity and conservation has led to increased funding and resources for amphibian research. This has resulted in more extensive fieldwork and monitoring, leading to a better understanding of species distributions.
These factors collectively contribute to the observed increase in the range of endemic amphibians in Sri Lanka.
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