I suspect that 45% fat in the diet may block the liver functions. It is better to elevate the carbohydrate and give them 2-3 times the maintainance diet, hope this will make them surviving and obese.

45% fat is fairly common in the field

Do you have used the classical "cafeteria diet"?

Regulation of energy balance in two models of reversible obesity in the rat.

Rothwell, Nancy J.; Stock, Michael J.

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, Vol 93(6), Dec 1979, 1024-1034.

doi: 10.1037/h0077631

Harlan Teklad offers two standard rodent high fat diets. One is 45% calories from fat, while the other is 60% calories from fat. They also offer statistics on how mice (but nothing on rats) respond to the two diets. They provide empirical data on serum parameters such as cholesterol, NEFAs, TGs, blood glucose. Also, they track body weight changes on the two diets. These studies should help provide some insight into diets that can be modified or used directly for your studies in rats.

Hi Zahra

A couple of references here:

"male rats were housed individually, and stratified according to body weight into two groups, and were offered ad libitum water and either normal chow diet (chow; 2.85 kcal/g – energy%: carbohydrate 60.7%, fat 12.6%, and protein 26.7%; diet #1324 Altromin, Brogården, Denmark) or high-fat diet (high-energy (HE); 4.41 kcal/g – energy%: carbohydrate 51.4%, fat 31.8%, and protein 16.8%; diet #12266B; Research Diets, NJ, USA). "

J Endocrinol. 2010 Sep;206(3):287-96. Epub 2010 May 27.

Long-term characterization of the diet-induced obese and diet-resistant rat model: a polygenetic rat model mimicking the human obesity syndrome. Madsen AN, Hansen G, Paulsen SJ, Lykkegaard K, Tang-Christensen M, Hansen HS, Levin BE, Larsen PJ, Knudsen LB, Fosgerau K, Vrang N.

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"Group I (normal healthy control)– rats fed with normal rat pellet diet (12.5% lipids, 62.3% carbohydrate and 24.3% protein; Amrut rat feed, Mfd by: Pranav Agro Industries Ltd, Maharashtra, India) for 28 days; Group II (pathogenic control) – rats fed with HFD (42% lipids, 36% carbohydrate and 22% protein) for 28 days. HFD was purchased from National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences (NCLAS), National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India."

Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Sep;30(9):1313-21. Epub 2010 Nov 12.

The effect of high-fat diet-induced obesity on cardiovascular toxicity in Wistar albino rats. Bhandari U, Kumar V, Khanna N, Panda BP.

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"Study on prevention and treatment of obesity were carried out respectively in diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats and mice. Male KM mice and SD rats were conditioned at 22 ± 1 °C with a 12/12-h day/dark cycle for 1 week in communal cages during which time they were fed ad libitum a standard diet. After the acclimatization period, rats (160∼180 g) were fed a modified high-fat diet (1% cholesterol, 10% lard, 10% yolk, 1% salt and 78% standard diet) (given at 6:00 P.M.)"

Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Jul 10;637(1-3):178-85. Epub 2010 Apr 7.

Novel selective antagonist of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, MJ15, with prominent anti-obesity effect in rodent models. Chen W, Tang H, Liu H, Long L, Gong Z, Zheng J, Chi M, Xie Y, Zheng Z, Li S, Wang L.

Good luck!

hello zahra,your question mime mine

im looking to induce metabolic syndrome too,  i mean   obesity and diabete type 2 unfortunatly  ,in litterature,  i found only for  mice by high fat diet for 4 weeks and  than by intrapritonally  of streptozotocine 100mg/kg

i don't believe that it's will be usefull for rats

hello zahra,your question mime mine

im looking to induce metabolic syndrome too,  i mean   obesity and diabete type 2 unfortunatly  ,in litterature,  i found only for  mice by high fat diet for 4 weeks and  than by intrapritonally  of streptozotocine 100mg/kg

i don't believe that it's will be usefull for rats

Hi!

“Western” purified atherogenic diet

Accelerated hypercholesterolemia and plaque formation in genetically modified models such as Apoe and Ldlr deficient mice.

Used for diet induced obesity in a variety of rodent models.

High fat diet (20 - 23% by weight; 40 - 45% kcal from fat)

Saturated fatty acids (SFA >60% of total fatty acids)

Milkfat/butterfat

Sucrose (34% by weight)

Cholesterol (0.2% total)

TD.88137

TD.10885

Mouse Diet, High Fat Fat Calories (60%), Soft Pellets

Class description Ingredients Grams

Protein Casein, Lactic, 30 Mesh 200.00 g

Protein Cystine, L 3.00 g

Carbohydrate Lodex 10 125.00 g

Carbohydrate Sucrose, Fine Granulated 72.80 g

Fiber Solka Floc, FCC200 50.00 g

Fat Lard 245.00 g

Fat Soybean Oil, USP 25.00 g

Mineral S10026B 50.00 g

Vitamin Choline Bitartrate 2.00 g

Vitamin V10001C 1.00 g

Dye Dye, Blue FD&C #1, Alum. Lake 35-42% 0.05 g

You can see this PDF...

https://www.bio-serv.com/pdf/F3282_S3282.pdf