I realized a system connected to an electricity grid and I would like to know what level of voltage should I produce to inject renewable energy into the grid? would it be an cascaded H-bridge inverter 5-levels, 7-levels, 9-levels or even 15 or 21-levels? On what criteria will my choice be based?
Jorel,
The multilevel inverter is characterized by much less harmonic content than the two level inverter. In fact with multilevels output waveform one synthesizes the sine wave.This also reduce the filter size since it will operate on a harmonic frequencies much greater than the second harmonic.
As the number of levels increases the harmonics decreases but the complexity of the inverter increases. So, one has to make a compromise between the number of levels and the complexity and thereby the cost and reliability. Since as the number of elements in a component increases its reliability decreases.
I studied this issue in the paper at the link:Article “Computer-aided analysis of stepped sine wave inverters
Best wishes
You can always use a transformer to achieve the grid voltage, but since you've mentionned the multilevel converter , you need as many level as you can to achieve the grid voltage because increasing in the ac voltage and power without the need for a transformer is one of the benefits of using multilevel inverter
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