Dear colleagues from Chemical, Civil, and Environmental Engineering,
Did someone find actual hydraulic residence times (HRT) greater than nominal HRT in residence time distribution (RTD) experiments whit biological wastewater treatment?
What are the probable causes, besides fluid recycling? We got excelent recovery rates of the tracers (around 90%).
Many thanks in advance!
It would be helpful to know how did you estimated both actual and nominal residence time.
Anyway, depending on your system, there is the possibility of "dead flow zones" where residence time can be very large. In the other extreme there is a chance for "short circuit flow", which is a current that follows a more direct path from intake to outtake than the average. Both issues are well known in the field of water treatment are the basis for some empirical design criteria e.g. the width to length ratio of desanding channels.
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