When a zeta sizer result shows "acceptable" but includes a note to "refer to quality report," it means that while the data has been processed and a result is provided, there might be aspects of the measurement that need closer inspection to confirm the reliability of the results. Here's a breakdown of what this implies:
Acceptable Result: The measurement falls within a range where the instrument can confidently provide an interpretation. This means the particle size, zeta potential, or other measured parameters are within the measurable range of the instrument.
Refer to Quality Report: This is a flag indicating that some conditions during the measurement might not have been ideal, and the quality report provides further insights. The quality report usually includes:
Signal-to-Noise Ratio: A low ratio can indicate suboptimal sample concentration or scattering intensity. Polydispersity Index (PDI): For size measurements, a high PDI suggests heterogeneity in particle size distribution. Count Rate: If the count rate is too high or low, it could indicate problems with sample concentration or scattering conditions. Data Fit Quality: If the model used to analyze the data has a poor fit, the result might need manual review. Electrophoretic Mobility (for zeta potential): For zeta potential, unusual values or inconsistencies in phase plots might raise a flag.
Actions to Take: Check sample preparation: Ensure proper dilution and homogeneity. Avoid air bubbles, aggregates, or debris in the sample. Verify the instrument settings:Confirm the refractive index, viscosity, and temperature are correctly input for the solvent and sample. If issues persist, consider repeating the measurement with adjustments based on the quality report's suggestions.
As Mani Sharma explained, the Quality Report might indicate any issue that might need to be checked for a better quality of the result. For example, it can indicate too much variability of the measured signals so that the dispersion is not stable or the measurements should be repeated (more measurements might be needed), or also that the sample might be too diluted or have fluorescence, which can lead to misleading results. Sometimes even the presence of an impurity or bubbles can lead to significant errors in the measurement, so checking the cuvette before measurement is also recommended.
A technical note on this subject from the manufacturer is at https://www.malvernpanalytical.com/en/learn/knowledge-center/technical-notes/tn101104zetapotentialqualityreportzetasizernano