In your opinion, will an incipient global climate catastrophe also generate a global biodiversity catastrophe and, therefore, should the two catastrophes be studied simultaneously as closely related?
Increasingly, future global climate catastrophe is being combined with global biodiversity catastrophe in scientific deliberations. Still high civilization's greenhouse gas emissions are causing global warming to accelerate. If nothing changes in this regard, according to the predictions of climatologists, climate geophysicists, ecologists, researchers operating in interdisciplinary areas, etc., in a few decades planet Earth will face a global climate catastrophe, which will result, among other things, in a many times higher frequency and scale of emerging periods of severe drought, heat, forest fires, etc., which will result in the impossibility of human existence on most of the planet's land areas. This will be associated with lack of water, permanently breaking out fires, inability to grow crops, etc. In addition, in these areas, the level of biodiversity of natural ecosystems will decline many times over. To a large extent, most of the planet's biosphere will be affected. The scale of the ongoing mass extinction of many species of flora and fauna, the scale of the current great 6 species extinctions (6 within the history of life on Earth) will increase many times over. The biodiversity of the planet will decrease many times over, that is, what has evolved for hundreds of millions of years as part of the evolution of life on Earth, man will destroy in a relatively short period of a few centuries at most (counting from the period of the first industrial revolution). Therefore, the results of many scientific studies already support the thesis that a global climate catastrophe will also generate a global biodiversity catastrophe, and therefore the two catastrophes should be studied simultaneously as closely related. Do you agree with this thesis? Whether you agree or not then please provide substantive arguments, studies, publications.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
In your opinion, will the beginning global climate catastrophe also generate a global biodiversity catastrophe and, therefore, should the two catastrophes be studied simultaneously as closely related?
Will the beginning global climate catastrophe also generate a global biodiversity catastrophe?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite you all to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Counting on your opinions, on getting to know your personal opinion, on a fair approach to the discussion of scientific issues, I deliberately used the phrase "in your opinion" in the question.
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
Yes, there is a strong consensus among scientists that an incipient global climate catastrophe has the potential to generate a global biodiversity catastrophe. The interconnectedness between climate change and biodiversity loss is well-established, and studying these two catastrophes simultaneously is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of their impacts and for developing effective strategies to mitigate their consequences.
Here are some key reasons why these catastrophes are closely related and should be studied together:
Given these intricate relationships, studying climate change and biodiversity loss together is essential. A holistic approach to research, policy-making, and conservation is needed to effectively address the intertwined challenges of global climate change and biodiversity decline. Such an approach can lead to more informed decision-making, better resource allocation, and ultimately a healthier planet for both humans and the myriad species that share it.
The relationship between climate change and biodiversity is intricate. Climate change can directly impact biodiversity through habitat loss & altered ecosystems, leading to species distribution shifts and population declines. Biodiverse n its ecosystems play a vital role in regulating climate by absorbing carbon dioxide & providing climate resilience. Both climate change & biodiversity loss have distinct drivers & impacts, but their effects can compound each other, making the situation more complex. Addressing both crises requires comprehensive global efforts and collaborative solutions to mitigate their impacts & promote a sustainable future......
Trapped heat stresses the whole planetary ecosystem (the biosphere), with a transformation from one state to another fast approaching (in this mid-century unless postponed - see Article Implications of Earth system tipping pathways for climate ch...
). Mass extinction will accompany this transformation. Meanwhile, human abuse of ecosystems also stresses them in the same direction. The UNSG António Guterres describes this process as a 'war on nature', to which the answer must be to restore 'peace with nature'. This requires a change of values and priorities towards living within the laws of ecological sustainability. This change is underway in many places, but needs to be accelerated and consolidated. Some implications are discussed at https://scottishwildlifetrust.org.uk/2022/11/making-peace-with-nature/.
We have known for 29 years that we need to tackle Global Warming, however only 24 countries last October are doing anything about it under the "Middle East Green Initiative" where 50 billion trees are in the process of being planted to start removing some of the CO2 out of the atmosphere.
More like ALL of the world;s military budgets need to be converted to Global Warming plantings in arid lands, like the Great Basin of the USA, Mojave desert and all of the rest of the Northern Hemisphere deserts of the world, to replant a cover on those barren heat-producing lands, with their local native plants, at the rate of 100 million hectares per year, so we can start to slow down this runaway catastrophe.
28 years of promises to lower our addiction to fossil fuels has been an illusion according to the CO2 levels which have never leveled off or dropped.
The only other rapid cooling we can do, is insulate those barren deserts with native plant cover. And at the same time, free solar panels on every rooftop, and free solar hot water hearers, both would do double duty--lower the burning of fossil fuels to generate electricity, and shade the roofs so that less energy would be needed for AC in the summer.
Dear Doctor
Go To
Climate Endgame: Exploring catastrophic climate change scenarios
Luke Kempa , Chi Xuc ,Joanna Depledged , Kristie L. Ebie , Goodwin Gibbinsf, Timothy A. Kohlerg,, Johan Rockstrom€ , Marten Schefferk , Hans Joachim Schellnhuberj, Will Steffenm , and Timothy M. Lentonn
PNAS 2022 Vol. 119 No. 34 e2108146119
"Prudent risk management requires consideration of badto-worst-case scenarios. Yet, for climate change, such potential futures are poorly understood. Could anthropogenic climate change result in worldwide societal collapse or even eventual human extinction? At present, this is a dangerously underexplored topic. Yet there are ample reasons to suspect that climate change could result in a global catastrophe. Analyzing the mechanisms for these extreme consequences could help galvanize action, improve resilience, and inform policy, including emergency responses. We outline current knowledge about the likelihood of extreme climate change, discuss why understanding bad-toworst cases is vital, articulate reasons for concern about catastrophic outcomes, define key terms, and put forward a research agenda. The proposed agenda covers four main questions: 1) What is the potential for climate change to drive mass extinction events? 2) What are the mechanisms that could result in human mass mortality and morbidity? 3) What are human societies' vulnerabilities to climatetriggered risk cascades, such as from conflict, political instability, and systemic financial risk? 4) How can these multiple strands of evidence—together with other global dangers— be usefully synthesized into an “integrated catastrophe assessment”? It is time for the scientific community to grapple with the challenge of better understanding catastrophic climate change.
Conclusions There is ample evidence that climate change could become catastrophic. We could enter such “endgames” at even modest levels of warming. Understanding extreme risks is important for robust decision-making, from preparation to consideration of emergency responses. This requires exploring not just higher temperature scenarios but also the potential for climate change impacts to contribute to systemic risk and other cascades. We suggest that it is time to seriously scrutinize the best way to expand our research horizons to cover this field. The proposed “Climate Endgame” research agenda provides one way to navigate this under-studied area. Facing a future of accelerating climate change while blind to worst-case scenarios is naive risk management at best and fatally foolish at worst."
I, too, believe that the effects of the ongoing process of global warming are increasingly generating an accelerating loss of biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems.
And what is your opinion on this topic?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
yes , We witnessed a great loss of biodiversity during rainy season in State of Himachal Pradesh in India . It created loss of not only human life but also flora and fauna , affected tourism and trade and ecosystem to a large extent
The notion of water security in an arid country takes on another dimension when the comprehensive water balance concept is applied to water used by rain-fed agriculture and to the water equivalent of international food exchanges. In the case of Tunisia, this concept expands the prospects for improvements in national food security by optimizing the food balance and the corresponding virtual water flux. It also prompts reconsideration of criteria and indicators classically used to characterize water stress situations. The current situation shows that about 30% of the water used in Tunisia is imported as food (virtual water); that number is likely to reach 40–50% in 2025 due to climate change, diet change, demographic growth, and improved water management. Asia and North Africa will most likely not be self-sufficient in terms of food production and will need to import food from other continents (e.g., South America). Africa, however, could be self-sufficient if its existing water resources are developed. Bioenergy production is likely to be limited to a small fraction of the global energy needs. Major food shortages in cases of severe global droughts (e.g., during very strong El Niño events) may occur, however, with severe consequences in terms of food availability.
Excerpt from: Besbes, M., Chahed, J., Hamdane, A., & De Marsily, G. (2010). Changing water resources and food supply in arid zones: Tunisia. Water and Sustainability in Arid Regions: Bridging the Gap Between Physical and Social Sciences, 103-121. Available on:
Chapter Changing Water Resources and Food Supply in Arid Zones: Tunisia
"Changes in stratospheric ozone and climate over the past 40-plus years have altered the solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation conditions at the Earth's surface. Ozone depletion has also contributed to climate change across the Southern Hemisphere. These changes are interacting in complex ways to affect human health, food and water security, and ecosystem services. Many adverse effects of high UV exposure have been avoided thanks to the Montreal Protocol with its Amendments and Adjustments, which have effectively controlled the production and use of ozone-depleting substances. This international treaty has also played an important role in mitigating climate change. Climate change is modifying UV exposure and affecting how people and ecosystems respond to UV; these effects will become more pronounced in the future. The interactions between stratospheric ozone, climate and UV radiation will therefore shift over time; however, the Montreal Protocol will continue to have far-reaching benefits for human well-being and environmental sustainability". Abstract of the well-cited paoer:
Barnes, P. W., Williamson, C. E., Lucas, R. M., Robinson, S. A., Madronich, S., Paul, N. D., ... & Zepp, R. G. (2019). Ozone depletion, ultraviolet radiation, climate change and prospects for a sustainable future. Nature Sustainability, 2(7), 569-579.
Available on
https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1796&context=smhpapers1
The arid zone is a geographical and climatic reality and our ancestors naturally adapted to it. This figure shows a shot of the olive groves of Chaal in Sfax (Tunisia): Olive trees as far as the eye can see, cultivated without the slightest drop of irrigation water, produce Olive-Oil of exceptional quality under rainfall of less than 250 mm per year. The same goes for Pistachio trees in Iran, Fig trees, and Almond trees... around the Mediterranean, all cultivated under rainfed conditions.
Figure source: A Conceptual Model for National Water Security in Water-Scarce Countries, By Jamel Chahed International Workshop on Water Security and Technology Innovation in Hydro-Environmental Engineering July 13, 2023. Available on:
Conference Paper A Conceptual Model for National Water Security in Water-Scar...
See Also
"National water security– Case study of an arid country, Tunisia (Authors: Besbes, Chahed Hamdane), Springer (2019) 4:11". The Previous French version of the book is available in chapters on:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356650449_Securite_Hydrique_de_la_Tunisie_Preface_Introduction https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356662490_Les_Problemes_de_l'Eau_dans_le_Monde
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356663902_Cinquante_ans_de_politiques_de_l'eau_1960-2010
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356665641_Le_Bilan_Hydrique_National
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356666107_Le_bilan_Hydrique_Integral_Eau_Bleue_Eau_Verte_et_Eau_Virtuelle
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356666288_La_gestion_de_la_demande_en_eau_et_les_ressources_non_conventionnelles
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356674959_Securite_Hydrique_de_la_Tunisie_les_questions_en_debat
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356678805_Securite_Hydrique_de_la_Tunisie_Conclusion_Postface
For the sake of future generations, global warming, climate change and the carbon footprint need to be worked on as a matter of urgency.
The paper by Taylor, R., Scanlon, B., Döll, P. et al., 2013 (Around 2k Citations) "Groundwater and climate change. Nature Clim Change 3, 322–329 (2013)" reviews "recent research assessing the impacts of climate on groundwater through natural and human-induced processes as well as through groundwater-driven feedbacks on the climate system. Furthermore, we examine the possible opportunities and challenges of using and sustaining groundwater resources in climate adaptation strategies, and highlight the lack of groundwater observations, which, at present, limits our understanding of the dynamic relationship between groundwater and climate"
See Also:
Besbes, M., & Chahed, J. (2023). Predictability of water resources with global climate models. Case of Northern Tunisia. Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, 355(S1), 1-22. Available on:
Article Predictability of water resources with global climate models...
On Earth Energy Budget. The energy transfers within the earth interfaces, analyzed by Woodcock, indicate that the associated budget of CO2 or Vapor in the atmosphere if increased vis-à-vis a reference state, should be accompanied by a relative cooling effect. IMHO, these results are incomplete, not because they are discordant with what is admitted as "consensus", but because these come under the "two-by-two separate parameters analysis" fundamentally unsuitable to tackle all nonlinear interactions involved in Climate determinants.
However and quite surprisingly, Woodcock's results, compared with the data, succeeded in explaining the temperature anomalies observed in different regions of the planet, not only by reference to fracking but also by other considerations; among them the various elements of the natural and anthropic carbon cycle
[1] Woodcock, L. V. (2022). Global Warming by Geothermal Heat from Fracking: Energy Industry’s Enthalpy Footprints. Entropy, 24(9), 1316.
Available on:
https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/9/1316/pdf?version=1663637486
Iceland volcano erupts on Reykjanes peninsula (BBC, 4 hours ago). Volcanic eruptions, always Fascinating in Beauty and Majesty, remind us in a spectacular way of essential factors in the heat balance of the globe: the transfers at the Visible Lithosphere-Atmosphere Interface in the form of Seismic and Volcanic Activities and the transfers at the Lithosphere-Hydrosphere interface, Invisible because they occur at the bottom of the oceans. Unlike the GHE, the effects of these activities on Climate Change are not well analyzed, at least in Climate Models, including those used in IPCC projections.
Illustration Source: ICELANDIC MET OFFICE:
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-67756413
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Adaptation_and_Resilience_to_Climate_Change_Temporal_Paradox_versus_Chronology_Protection_Conjecture
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Climate_Change_and_Climate_Models_Progress_and_LimitsArticle Predictability of water resources with global climate models...
Several publications indicate that Coal exploitation and Trade is a sector with substantial opportunity for corruption, especially as it expands into new International Markets. The paper by Setyawati D., 2022, "Injustice and environmental harm in extractive industries and solar energy policies in Indonesia. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy. 11(1): 14-27" is, as such, instructive. One may read there: "...the persistent enthusiasm for coal energy and the ambitious deployment of renewable energy may have led to injustices in the energy system , short-sighted corrupt practices, and environmental harm...". The author arrives at a more general conclusion: he demonstrates "how the marginalization of rural communities and production of environmental harm has been perpetuated by powerful figures, reinforced since colonialism, and escalated by the demands of the Global North..."
Read on:
https://20.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/journals/IntJlCrimJustSocDem/2022/3.html
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Energy_Renewable_Energy_and_Levelized_Cost_Of_Energy_LCOE_Paradoxes
In these festive days, I would like to mention this 30 year old Paper, "Joy A. Palmer (1993) From Santa Claus to sustainability: emerging understanding of concepts and issues in environmental science, International Journal of Science Education, 15:5 , 487-495", in which the author discusses the nature and development of children's early knowledge and awareness of environmental issues. as strange as it may seem, we learn that "pre‐school children may well have a strong base of accurate scientific knowledge upon which early years environmental teaching may build." Happy Holidays For All
See Also:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Adaptation_and_Resilience_to_Climate_Change_Temporal_Paradox_versus_Chronology_Protection_Conjecture