In Brazil we often have more dengue cases than malaria notifications. However, there is some points that need to be clear:

a. Dengue is an urban disease and malaria is more prevalent in the Amazon Region. But more than 80% of brazilians live in cities.

b. In the Amazon forest, where we still have some isolated native communities, malaria is certainly sub-notified.

c. A lot of money is invested in both disease. So, I would`t point the lack of resources as a substantial factor to the high incidence of dengue nor malaria.

The key is to provide the right information to the population. So that people can take steps to prevent mosquito vector breeding sites.

Also the health authorities should assess control methods. can not Combat mosquito insecticide, if the presence of insecticide resistance is not studied.

To say nothing of the lack of water forces people to save water and increase the potential for mosquito breeding. The ecology of the vector is affected by climate change and changes the patterns occurs.

I think a little bit same situation in Turkey, because malaria incidence have decreased since ten years but WNV incidence increasing. Gilberto said a key function of the problems. you need a right and strond data for the vector population. after you will find a right strateries and infromation about the control other vector species like Anopheles.

Ya dear, it seems so, as the yearly dengue cases are showing increasing trend and also expansion to new geographical areas. For xample , For the first time in 2013 about 65 cases of dengue have been reported from Jammu.....In puducherry, my study area, a regular increase in dengue cases has been reported yearly and also expansion from 7 PHCs to 34 since first outbreak in 2003 .

Patient are more aware of dengue fever and report earlier due to media, malaria has taken back seat

Both malaria & dengue are spread by mosquitoes & environmental hygiene plays an important in spread of these diseases . In addition , co infection of dengue & malaria can occur . Both diseases are probably grossly underestimated as they are not confirmed by diagnostic tests . Initially the NVDCP had stated that there are 1.5 -2 million cases / year of malaria with 1000 deaths & later revised it to 9.7 million cases & 40,300 deaths in India . The WHO ( SEARO ) states that there are 15 million cases with 20 ,000 deaths due to malaria . It is very essential that the integrated national disease surveillance program is able to provide the necessary data from all states of the country . In the recent past , many cases of scrub typhus & leptospirosis are being reported from various cities in the country . My personal experience is that the number of dengue & malaria fluctuate from year to year . Therefore , it is essential to investigate every acute febrile illness , so that the exact cause is not missed as most of these diseases are potentially fatal if not treated early. It is also essential for every premier Institute of the to provide the data on the cause of fever for us to take necessary action

I think an important factor that needs to be considered is the vector of the illnesses. You have two extremely dangerous vectors for both, yet the Dengue transmitting Aedes has shown more adaptive capabilities than the malaria causing anopheles. Eggs of Aedes can survive dry spells, while Anopheline eggs cannot. Aedes is the only species which can rapidly dislodge other native mosquito species from their habitats.

Just take a look at the disease spread individually, Dengue has reached almost-pandemic proportions.

Dengue vectors are now being reported from the places where they were not prevalent earlier. In many malaria endemic settings, now known malaria vectors are not quite prevalent but Aedes mosquitoes are present in large number. Our recent study found that Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were present in extremely rural areas where initially malaria mosqutoes ruled. Aedes are extending their habitat and now invading into the rural areas. Probably more dengue will come in the years to come.

Good point sunil. If I may mention, the 3 aedes variants - the sylvan, peridomestic and domestic forms can be found in different their appropriate habitats. Among the adenine mosquitoes, Ae. albopictus is emerging as the new champion, and can even displace Ae. aegypti from its habitat. In south India, many outbreaks of Dengue are now being attributed to Ae. albopictus.

This is regarding my previous comments . The number of Dengue cases in the country is between 40,000 - 50,000 cases / year . Most of the recent cases are reported from south India , compared to previous years , where most of the cases were reported from Delhi . The concern is that the severe form of Dengue ie , DHF is recent phenomenon . Even P.vivax has become severe in the recent past . The problem is that only confirmed cases are evaluated & most cases are not confirmed as diagnostic tests are not easily available & therefore under diagnosed . It is therefore difficult to state that malaria cases are declining without adequate proof . The worry is that tropical acute febrile Illness is becoming severe & is grossly under reported . Unless all acute febrile illness are properly investigated , data will not be available for scrutiny . Our personal experience reveals that dengue has increased , but whether they will outnumber malaria cannot be said without adequate evidence . In addition , malaria & dengue co infection has been reported .

Our recent study suggests that malaria cases are coming down. In an area where we used to find plenty cases during peak season, now we not getting even samples. Malaria vectors have also come down and many efficient malaria vectors are either disappeared or maintaining at very low level.

Dear Sunil Dhiman,

If you have published this experience , please send it to me .What do you think is the reason for the decline . Is it due to any preventive strategy . Is there an increase in dengue cases .

I am preparing the MS.

Yes

I agree with Sunil Dhiman's answere

The Indian data suggests that the incidence of malaria is about 9.7 million cases with 40,300 deaths ( NVDCP [ 16 member committee ] ) . The number of cases of Dengue has been recorded to be about 50,000 cases /year . These data are probably grossly under reported due to lack of confirmed cases by investigations . Though the criteria for diagnosis is based on suspect , probable & confirmed cases , we only take confirmed cases for data analysis . The only solution is to make diagnostic tests freely available & take reporting of these cases seriously to have meaningful data . Since , both these diseases are vector borne diseases , preventive strategies would help management of these diseases .

This will happen very likely.

Malaria cases are going down since last few years whether Dengue cases are keeping up every year. As Singh Shivakumar reported the above data of malaria           ( NVDCP- 16 member committee) and he number of  Dengue of about  50,000 cases /year. This may be probably due to lack of field kits for Dengue and the diagnosis is based on suspect and Dengue cases remained unreported, mostly among the rural communities as the Dengue are caused by the day biter mosquitoes (Aedes aegyti) only and people remained out at work during day time.. The diagnostic field tests kit should be freely available and reporting cases be properly. Since , both these diseases are mosquito borne, integrated preventive measures would be helpful otherwise Dengue will be out number the malaria.