Dear Joachim Pimiskern,

Thank you for your valuable response.

Dear Franz,

You are right while saying that in almost all countries women have more life expectancy, This happens in my country. It is said that women live longer than men about 6 years. Why I this so?  I know of no complete answer to question?  As is almost the case, the fact you mention should be related to endogenous and genetic factors and situational factors. Some years ago the North American psychologist Carol Gilligan claimed that women are more caring than men. This means that they are more able to care for themselves and the others than men. In generally they consume less alcohol than men. Is this due to genetic factors? As Joachim says this is still a riddle. We should also to take into account that, in principle, men do the more hard and dangerous jobs. Once the Spanish philosopher Ortega Y Gasset remarked that what we are in both physical and psychological terms depends on us and our circumstances. So, personal and situational  factors may be at the heart of the reality why women live longer than men. At the personal level, because women are generally more caring than men, then, from an evolutionary viewpoint, it may be the case that women are more needed than men to take care of others, for example, their children, mothers, fathers. It is not a mere coincidence that in cases of divorce, children generally prefer to stay with their mothers than fathers. At the situational level, as mentioned, it is generally the case that the more hard and dangerous jobs are done by men rather than women.

Best wishes,

Orlando

I agree with the answers above but at the same time would like to point out that women undergo more difficult situations in their life time than men. Only women give birth to kids and almost every women undergo this situation at least once in life time sometimes even more and this cost their life also, however not often. So I think women do more harder things than man, so probably this could not be the answer.

However there could be genetic reasons as well as others; as women have more patience, suffer with lesser anxiety, consume lesser alcohol, cigarette and other drugs.

It's a good question! But for what I have learned, women tends to life more the men, because men normally tends to be involved more in risk behavior, and work themselves into an early grave. Men are more associate with factors such as smoking (drugs), drinking (alcohol) overeating and historically also associated with harder works, that puts more stress. Resuming, men are more abusive of they body... they drink and smoke more heavily than women.

According to (Robson David, 2015), a woman’s heart rate increases during the menstrual cycle, offering the same benefits as moderate exercise.

The same author refers as that a potential mechanisms might be related to bundles of DNA, known as chromosomes within each cell. Chromosomes come in pairs, and whereas women have two X chromosomes, men have an X and a Y chromosome. That difference may subtly alter the way that cells age. Having two X chromosomes, women keep double copies of every gene, meaning they have a spare if one is faulty. Men don’t have that back-up. The result is that more cells may begin to malfunction with time, putting men at greater risk of disease.

Robson yet refers another potential factors "A woman’s heart rate increases during the menstrual cycle, offering the same benefits as moderate exercise".

Cited article:

Robson, David (2015), why women live longer than men, BBC, retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20151001-why-women-live-longer-than-men in October 24, 2018.