We have placed on a table two columns, one column screwed on the table, and the other simply put on the table. If one shifts on the table, the unbolted column will be overthrown. The bolted column withstands the lateral loading. Why not apply exactly the same in every column of a building to withstand more lateral earthquake loading? That is , simply screwing it to the ground.
The Ultimate Anti-Seismic System http://file.scirp.org/Html/6-1880388_59888.htm
The skeleton of a building consists of the columns (vertical parts) and the girders and slabs (horizontal parts). The girders and slabs are joined at the nodes. Under normal conditions, all loading is vertical. When an earthquake occurs, additional horizontal loading is placed on the skeleton. The resultant effect of horizontal plus vertical loading puts strain on the nodes. It alters their angle from 90 degrees, creating at times acute and at other times obtuse angles. The vertical static loads equilibrate with the reaction of the ground.
The horizontal earthquake load exerts a lifting effect on the bases of the columns. In addition, due to the elasticity of the main body of the columns, the earthquake acts by shifting the heights of each plate by different amplitude and a different phase. That is, the upper plates shift more than the lower ones. The modal shifts of the skeleton are many, so many that the differing, shifting directions of the earthquake deform and destroy the skeleton.
The ideal situation would be if we could construct a building skeleton where, during an earthquake all the plates would shift by the same amplitude as the ground without differing phases. In this way the shape will be preserved and we would not have any deformation of the frame, hence no damage. The research I have carried out has resulted in the creation of an anti-seismic design for buildings which achieves exactly this result.
I have succeeded in doing this by constructing large elongated ridged columns shaped “−, +, Γ or T” to which a pulling force is applied from the roof and from the ground, applying bilateral pressure to the entire column. This force acts to prevent bilateral shifting of the columns and curvature at their bases so preventing the deformation which occurs throughout the whole structure during an earthquake.
In an earthquake, the columns lose their eccentricity and their bases are lifted, creating twisting in all of the nodes of the structure. There is a limit to the eccentricity, that is, there is a limit to the surface area of the base which is lifted by the rollover moment. To minimize the twisting of the bases, we place strong foot girders in the columns. In the large longitudinal columns (walls), due to the large moments which occur during an earthquake, it is practically impossible to prevent rotation with the classical way of construction of the foot girders.
The following result occurs with this lifting of the base in combination with the elasticity. When one column of the frame lifts one end of the beam upwards, at the same time the other column at its other end moves violently downwards. This stresses the beam and has the tendency to twist it in different directions at the two ends, deforming its body in an S shape. The same deformation occurs with the columns also, due to the twisting of the nodes and the differential phase shift of vertical plates. In order to prevent the lifting of the base, we clamp the base of the structure to the ground using the patented mechanism.
However, if we want to prevent the lifting of the whole columnar structure which stems from the lifting of its base as well as from the elasticity of its main body, then the best point for enforcing an opposing, balancing force is the roof. This opposing tendency on the roof must come from an external source and not applied from within the structure. This external source is the ground underneath the base. From here the external force is applied.
Underneath the base of the structure, we drill a hole into the ground and clamp it with the patented anchor. With the aid of a cable which passes freely through a pipe in the column, we transfer this force which we obtained from the ground up to the roof. At this point in the roof, we insert a stop with a screw to prevent the raising of the roof of the longitudinal columns which happens during an earthquake and deforms all the plates. In this way, we control the oscillation of whole structure. That is, the deformity which the structural failure causes. With this method, we do not see changes in the form of the structure, because it maintains the same shape it had prior to and during the earthquake.
The reaction of the mechanism to the raising of the roof of the longitudinal column and the opposing reaction of the at the bottom part of the base, divert the lateral load of the earthquake in the strong vertical section. With this diversion of the lateral load of the earthquake to the vertical columns, the twisting of the nodes is abolished because the lateral loadings of the earthquake are 100 per cent borne along the length of the columns, so it is impossible for them to twist in their main sections.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhkUlxC6IK4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoM5pEy7n9Q
http://file.scirp.org/Html/6-1880388_59888.htm
I bet the first thing most engineers think of is the additional tension and compression transmitted by the "bolted" corner, while the "unbolted" will bounce around. The fixed column would push and pull rather hard on the joints, during dynamic loading.
Usually they avoid any "horizontal" fixures all together, making "floating" structures where plausible. This way walls can stay at a constant distance due to rigid walls. Due to all columns sliding - little to none horizontal load is transmitted. This is good for relatively small, light buildings. Primitive variations of these "sliding" foundations were implemented even in ancient wooden castles in Japan (layers of liquefiable sand and clay under the foot)
Alternatively, if all legs are attached to the floor - they will not slide laterally. The vibration will be transmitted, but the walls will stay in place at a fixed distance. If the walls are flexible enough and the natural frequency is ok - nothing will break. Thus, sky scrapers have dampers and rigid connections.
Whereas if one wall is "floating" and the other is "fixed" - the "floating" wall will be bouncing against the fixed one. Literally - crushing and pulling the building apart. I'm sure one can take all the factors into account and get the frequencies right, but it's not as straight forwards as already established methods.
The skeleton of a building consists of the columns (vertical parts) and the girders and slabs (horizontal parts). The girders and slabs are joined at the nodes. Under normal conditions, all loading is vertical. When an earthquake occurs, additional horizontal loading is placed on the skeleton. The resultant effect of horizontal plus vertical loading puts strain on the nodes. It alters their angle from 90 degrees, creating at times acute and at other times obtuse angles. The vertical static loads equilibrate with the reaction of the ground.
The horizontal earthquake load exerts a lifting effect on the bases of the columns. In addition, due to the elasticity of the main body of the columns, the earthquake acts by shifting the heights of each plate by different amplitude and a different phase. That is, the upper plates shift more than the lower ones. The modal shifts of the skeleton are many, so many that the differing, shifting directions of the earthquake deform and destroy the skeleton.
The ideal situation would be if we could construct a building skeleton where, during an earthquake all the plates would shift by the same amplitude as the ground without differing phases. In this way the shape will be preserved and we would not have any deformation of the frame, hence no damage. The research I have carried out has resulted in the creation of an anti-seismic design for buildings which achieves exactly this result.
I have succeeded in doing this by constructing large elongated ridged columns shaped “−, +, Γ or T” to which a pulling force is applied from the roof and from the ground, applying bilateral pressure to the entire column. This force acts to prevent bilateral shifting of the columns and curvature at their bases so preventing the deformation which occurs throughout the whole structure during an earthquake.
In an earthquake, the columns lose their eccentricity and their bases are lifted, creating twisting in all of the nodes of the structure. There is a limit to the eccentricity, that is, there is a limit to the surface area of the base which is lifted by the rollover moment. To minimize the twisting of the bases, we place strong foot girders in the columns. In the large longitudinal columns (walls), due to the large moments which occur during an earthquake, it is practically impossible to prevent rotation with the classical way of construction of the foot girders.
The following result occurs with this lifting of the base in combination with the elasticity. When one column of the frame lifts one end of the beam upwards, at the same time the other column at its other end moves violently downwards. This stresses the beam and has the tendency to twist it in different directions at the two ends, deforming its body in an S shape. The same deformation occurs with the columns also, due to the twisting of the nodes and the differential phase shift of vertical plates. In order to prevent the lifting of the base, we clamp the base of the structure to the ground using the patented mechanism.
However, if we want to prevent the lifting of the whole columnar structure which stems from the lifting of its base as well as from the elasticity of its main body, then the best point for enforcing an opposing, balancing force is the roof. This opposing tendency on the roof must come from an external source and not applied from within the structure. This external source is the ground underneath the base. From here the external force is applied.
Underneath the base of the structure, we drill a hole into the ground and clamp it with the patented anchor. With the aid of a cable which passes freely through a pipe in the column, we transfer this force which we obtained from the ground up to the roof. At this point in the roof, we insert a stop with a screw to prevent the raising of the roof of the longitudinal columns which happens during an earthquake and deforms all the plates. In this way, we control the oscillation of whole structure. That is, the deformity which the structural failure causes. With this method, we do not see changes in the form of the structure, because it maintains the same shape it had prior to and during the earthquake.
The reaction of the mechanism to the raising of the roof of the longitudinal column and the opposing reaction of the at the bottom part of the base, divert the lateral load of the earthquake in the strong vertical section. With this diversion of the lateral load of the earthquake to the vertical columns, the twisting of the nodes is abolished because the lateral loadings of the earthquake are 100 per cent borne along the length of the columns, so it is impossible for them to twist in their main sections.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhkUlxC6IK4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoM5pEy7n9Q
http://file.scirp.org/Html/6-1880388_59888.htm
Интересный вопрос а к чему Вы хотите привязать строение ? Балку можно привязать (приварить) к другой балке, а строение ? Архимед когда то сказал дайте мне точку опоры и я переверну землю. Но никто не нашел до сих пор точку опоры. Возможно Вы не корректно поставили вопрос или я не совсем понял что Вы хотите.
Кроме этого привязка строения к земле все же пытаются делать например тот же фундамент или сейсмопояс. Однако надо помнить, что здание (строение) и основа при землетрясениях должны демпферировать. Для этого специально используют сейсмогасители, сейсмоаммортизаторы и демпферы, предназначение которых превращать кинетическую энергию сейсмо воздействия в потенциальную энергию. О этих моих исследованиях Вы можете прочитать вот здесь :
1. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41039301
2.https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41039213
3.https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29743198
Dear Сулейманов Suleimanov thank you for your research links. You did not understand well, or I did not express myself correctly. If you want to read my most comprehensive research, read the attachment
Прочитал Ваш ( Ультим.doc) я тоже специализируюсь по обеспечению безопасности при землетрясениях, но в другом ракурсе, а именно ликвидация последствий землетрясений. Изначально меня в Вашем вопросе беспокоило слово "привязать". Возможно это не верный перевод.
Но в Вашем вложение речь идет совсем о другом. Математические расчеты даны хорошо и понятно. Предполагая такой вариант, дал своё видение сейсмо-защиты. А именно, использование демпферов, сейсмо-гасителей и сейсмо-амортизаторов, для обеспечения безопасности сооружений при землетрясениях. Кроме этого сама земля под сооружением так же должна уметь защищаться (то есть ее человек заставляет защищаться ), а именно до строительства утрамбовывает и заставляет быть равномерной. Она защищается равномерностью и равно утрамбованностью почвы под зданием.
Об этом свойстве почвы под зданием (строением) иметь сопротивление землетрясениям знали еще при строительстве пирамид. Эта одна из причин того, что многие строения того времени дожили до наших дней.
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