I have read about this in many books. Few of them co-relate it with cutting by a sharp knife and dull knife. I am looking for more theoretical explanation
It should not be misinterpreted. Because, the tool nose is not engaged in orthogonal cutting, so its radius is not important in orthogonal cutting. But the edge radius is the case. It is engaged in orthogonal cutting and its radius affects the cutting force. Accordingly, the more it is sharper, the more it causes force reduction, due to easier shearing and in the same time, the strength of tool edge reduces. The radius is commonly around 30 micro-meter.
I totally agree with Mr Mohammad. We think that you refere to edge radius. This radius in hard metal tools are made by an honing process and an normal values range is between (6 to 30) micrometers.
If that radius was zero, the cutting force have the minimum value because the wedge effect is better. When that radius increase, the forces increase too.
As reference you have the work: "Distribution of unit forces on the tool edge rounding in the case of finishing turning", here in RG.
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