It is obvious that Hate speech is increasing in this time of Covid-19, so I am wondering why? do you have any idea?
Your contribution is really appreciated. Thanks
I think that the spread of COVID_19 has created waves of fear and anxiety across the globe and this led to an increase in hate speech.
Dear Ph. D. This is the most interesting question I have heard in recent years. This crisis has revealed the deep contradictions that exist in current societies, in particular it has exposed class differences in relation to access to health services and medicines. It is undoubtedly a cause to encourage hatred between social groups, it is a class hatred that increases as these crises progress. I think the biggest problem is that there is no way to dialogue about the possibility of both groups reaching an agreement, the owners of capital believe in the sacrosanct right to private property and will not give up their "rights" so that the less favored groups have access to resources that they consider their own. A second source of hatred during this crisis has manifested among companies that produce generic drugs to combat COVID-19 and especially among those that are trying to produce a vaccine to combat the disease. Here hatred is between the way of conceiving human relationships, it is much more than hatred encouraged by a struggle for market dominance. And in this process a great responsibility corresponds to the media that echo the advertising campaigns of the most powerful companies, attacking the models that are not shared by the hegemonic powers. A third bloc of hatred during this crisis has formed between countries, the crisis has accentuated the contradictions between the poor and the richest. During the months of confinement due to the pandemic, all the world's economies fell into crisis, that is a reality, but the poorest suffered the greatest consequences and will take years to recover. The rich will recover very soon. Within these contradictions, within each country, those existing between regions and economic sectors deepened to unsuspected levels. These are causes that deepen hatred, a class hatred that will only be resolved when the causes that caused it disappear and that the pandemic only managed to show its most visible face. That is why I continue to believe that this is a structural crisis that will not be solved by making up reality, it will only be solved by changing the way of conceiving the relationships between social groups. The causes that increase hatred between groups are classist. A separate paragraph in this process is carried out by the media, an area in which you are an expert, which also respond to the classes that are in power and from these also hatred is encouraged.
Dear Prof. Snoussi!
You spotted an important topic. I think this case is connected to the politics of science - some communities sometimes aims at injecting uncertainty into the society:
1) Uyheng, J., Carley, K.M. Bots and online hate during the COVID-19 pandemic: case studies in the United States and the Philippines. J Comput Soc Sc 3, 445–468 (2020). Open Access:
Article Bots and online hate during the COVID-19 pandemic: Case stud...
2) Jeremiah Joven B Joaquinb, Hazel T Biana (2020). Philippine crimes of dissent: Free speech in the time of COVID-19, Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal , Open Access:
Article Philippine crimes of dissent: Free speech in the time of COVID-19
3) Michael A. Peters (2020): Limiting the capacity for hate: Hate speech, hate groups and the philosophy of hate, Educational Philosophy and Theory, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2020.1802818 Open Access:
Article Limiting the capacity for hate: Hate speech, hate groups and...
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
@ Juan Manuel Montero Peña : thank you so much for your valuable contribution. it is really a qualitative addition for this research question.
@ Bulcsu Szekely : thank you so much for your answer. Very interesting point of view.
Ian Williams Goddard and M.K. Tripathi: thank you for your contribution.It is a qualitative add for the discussion.
21 December MMXX
It is obvious people are more stressed than usual, so both hate speech will go flying even if not intended to be said, and, of course, people already used to using hate speech will employ it the more.
Cordially...
ASJ
Dear Thouraya Snoussi,
In my opinion, the determinants of hate speech are not directly related to the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, but it may be due to other determinants. For example, the increase in the use of social media portals as the main source of information and the dissatisfaction of citizens related to the critical assessment of the anti-pandemic security instruments used, such as the dissatisfaction of entrepreneurs and customers, recipients of the offers of companies that have been closed by the government and have been subject to lockdown.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Dr. Thouraya Snoussi , I think when we are unable to take the blame (of our mistake) - we (we wish) blame /hate others. Due to Covid-19, an uncontrollable issue (at that moment, and even now in some places), and related issues - we some how use hate as stress buster.
My personal opinion is that We have created Evil (Although we have All Powerful God) just to blame it for something. We enjoy being emotional than being rational.
Rational thinking never requires/uses hate as weapon.
Warm regards Yoganandan G
This hate is being advanced through social media and its consequences are especially severe when it is propagated by political leaders, public officials and other influencers.
thank you very much Yoganandan G. and Pradeep Paraman for these interesting answers
I think the main reason for hate speech is a misinformation that SARS-CoV-2 is a man-made virus.
Frustration and aggression are deeply intertwined.
For many, hate seems to be a survival response or even a latent instinct.
The human was engaged in his work before the pandemic. In the Covid19 pandemic, he had time to think for who around him.
Dear Thouraya Snoussi this is a very good and important question. I think that everyone notes an increase in hate speech during the corona crisis. I agree with Arvind Singh in that one of the main reasons is misinformation.
In this context please also see this potentially useful article entitled
"Rising Levels of Hate Speech & Online Toxicity During This Time of Crisis"
https://l1ght.com/Toxicity_during_coronavirus_Report-L1ght.pdf
Hate speech is nothing short of misunderstanding or misrepresentation of something said or done. There could be a rise during this period of COVID-19 basically because of the restrictions. That someone does not hug you could be misunderstood in some quarters. That one does not attend your function could be misunderstood during this period and comments could be made which could be misinterpreted as hate speech. Personally, I do not concern myself with such speeches as people will always have to say something, most times, very damning things about others.
The spread of Covid-19 has created waves of fear, uncertainty, misinformation, and anxiety across the globe – and this has led to an increase in hate speech. ... “anti-foreigner sentiment has surged online and in the streets...
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.humanrightspulse.com/mastercontentblog/a-tsunami-of-hate-the-covid-19-hate-speech-pandemic%3fformat=amp
With the virus originating in Wuhan, China, Chinese and East Asian communities have suffered from racially motivated hate crimes. AI-based start-up ‘L1ght’ recorded a 900% increase in hate speech directed towards Chinese people. One NHS nurse, Reizel Quaichon, experienced a hate crime where she was pushed and elbowed in the rib on her way to work a night shift. This hate is being advanced through social media and its consequences are especially severe when it is propagated by political leaders, public officials and other influencers. This can be exemplified by the comments of Prime Minister Boris Johnson, who referred to veiled Muslim women as “letterboxes”, thereby provoking religious hatred. Since then, Islamophobic incidents have risen by 375%, and 42% of off-line incidents directly referenced Johnson’s comments. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.humanrightspulse.com/mastercontentblog/a-tsunami-of-hate-the-covid-19-hate-speech-pandemic%3fformat=amp
Kindly check https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7725497/
Misinformation, frustration, anger, anxiety, lack of trust, etc. are fueling the increase in hate speech during COVID-19 pandemic http://scan-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/sCAN-Analytical-Paper-Hate-speech-trends-during-the-Covid-19-pandemic-in-a-digital-and-globalised-age.pdf
Hate is as a result of shortage of money as lack of money induces stress which make people become bitter.
The bigger problem is that hate speech is an early indicator of violence
thank you so much for all the participant, I really appreciate your concern