Why are microorganisms important in biodiversity and role of microorganisms in maintaining health of organisms and ecosystems?
Bonjour
Parce qu'ils représentent un maillon de la chaîne alimentaire qui maintient le Bon fonctionnement de l'écosystème.
Sans micro organismes, il n'y a pas de suite, pas de dégradation, pas de vie par exemple végétale ( pour commencer).
Microorganisms help in cleaning up the environment. They decompose dead and decaying matter from plants and animals; convert them into simpler substances which are later used up by other plants and animals. Thus, they are used to breakdown harmful substances. Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi, act as decomposers as they break down the dead and decaying organisms into simpler nutrients that mix with the soil. These nutrients are absorbed by plants during photosynthesis. Microorganisms recycle nutrients. Decomposers break down organic matter of dead plants and animals. Some bacteria living on the ocean floor feed on oil that seeps from the ground. Microscopic creatures including bacteria, fungi and viruses can make you ill. But what you may not realize is that trillions of microbes are living in and on your body right now. Most don't harm you at all. In fact, they help you digest food, protect against infection and even maintain your reproductive health. This is because microorganisms decompose dead organic waste of plants and animals converting them into simple substances. These substances are again used by other plants and animals. Thus, microorganisms can be used to degrade harmful and odourific substances and clean up the environment. Bacteria and fungi are major decomposers and recyclers in the environment. They break down dead matter using enzymes, use some nutrients themselves and recycle the rest back into the environment. Microbial diversity is of elementary importance in conserving and maintaining global genetic resources. Marine microorganisms play important role in maintaining ecosystem and being employed as suitable candidates in conserving energy. Cyanobacteria and microalgae use sunlight to fix CO2 and produce biomass and O2. The most significant effect of the microbes on earth is their ability to recycle the primary elements that make up all living systems, especially carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. Primary production involves photosynthetic organisms which take up CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it to organic material. Microorganisms play a critical role in nitrogen cycle through various processes such as nitrogen fixation, nitrate reduction, nitrification, denitrification, etc. The microbial processes limit the productivity of an ecosystem because nitrogen availability is a limiting factor for plant biomass production.
Thank you for your question.
It is because, these living beings are omnipresent in various ecosystems. Thanks to their biological activity, they contribute to several dimensions.
They maintain biodiversity by their very existence, they are useful for obtaining organic matter, fixing nitrogen and enabling the process of respiration and plant nutrition (photosynthesis).
They are also the guarantors of the health of various living organisms, regulating the intestinal flora of animals including humans, boosting digestion and immunity, and helping to produce enzymes and useful vitamins.
And let's not forget that microorganisms are also responsible for restoring the ecological balance by biodegrading or decomposing waste, fixing atmospheric nitrogen and depolluting soils - in short, they ensure air, water and soil quality. In other words, they contribute to food security throughout the planet.
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