I am asking about different types of nano powders of clay and suitability for increase the adhesion of cement-based mortars ? If you have any experience about using nanoclay in concrete I appreciate if you can share it here ;)
I’m using traditionally clays to produce polymer nanocomposites, but I have some information from some suppliers of clays which could be helpfully for documentation.
Firstly, look at the website of Tolsa and consider some applications of Sepiolite clays (see you also https://pnwsct.org/wp.../09/Tolsa-and-Sepiolite-Speaker-Tour.pdf or https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236672967_Current_Industrial_Applications_of_Palygorskite_and_Sepiolite ).
Furthermore, I believe that the literature for this topic is enough large (see you bellow some examples and some previous expertise shared on RG by other colleagues)!
Justin K. et al., Influence of Clays and Clay-Sized Particles on Concrete Performance, 2007, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 19(12), DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:12(1053)
Edisley Martins et al., Calcined Clay Applied in Concrete
January 2013, In book: Recycling and Reuse of Materials and Their ProductsEdition: 1stChapter: 4Publisher: Apple Academic PressEditors: Yves Grohens, et al.
A few studies have looked at bentonite (AKA montmorillonite), halloysite, palygorskite, and kaolonite. There are additional details in my attached paper. Personally, it has been my experience that even small quantities of bentonite greatly increase the cohesion, which appears to be your goal. This will also reduce the workability. That is a tradeoff that you will necessarily risk.
All of this said, there doesn't seem to have been any particular reason for the choice of those clays. The specific reactions that contribute to the effects of clays in cement products are somewhat mysterious.
It appears that bentonite may have unique effects due its adsorption of water between its layers. Alumino-silicaceous clays in general may have some pozzolanic reactivity, though in the quantities that you're probably looking to add them, that may or may not be a significant mechanism.