in earlier times, Ketjenblack EC was one of the best, if not the best carbon black type for rendering plastics antistatic (they will not become "conductive polymers", that is something completely different, you can find more about this in www.organic-nanometal.de)
For some more basic understanding why and how carbon black may render thermoplastics somewhat conductive, please look at this link:
For even further theoretical and thermodynamical understanding of these non-equilibrium systems, which form dissipative structures, you can find further links in this above link.
What Ray said. You have to consider (at minimum) the type of conductivity you want (surface or bulk? Anisotropic or directional? Constant or gradient?), conductivity level, mechanical and esthetic requirements, processing method (e.g., molding, extrusion, coating, printing), resin type, and of course cost.
Ketjenblack EC-300J is a very pure carbon black extremely suitable for antistatic and electroconductive applications. Due to its unique morphology and the very high surface area of approx. 800 m2/g (BET), only one third the amount of Ketjenblack EC-300J is needed compared to conventional electroconductive blacks in order to achieve the same conductivity. The lower loading of Ketjenblack EC-300J allows easier processing for those polymers sensitive to filler addition, thus minimizing loss in mechanical and rheological properties. I can confirm these indications from the supplier Akzo Chemicals. The cable industry for example is often using this material to generate semiconductive compounds for medium voltage applications.... Dr. Guenter Beyer
As written by others you will need a "high structure" black with high specific surface area (high BET surface, high oil adsorption) as they exhibit ramified structure and low percolation threshold. Sometimes combination with other fillers (graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube) may be useful. In many cases other surface treating agents (e.g. titanates) may imporve conductivity. The hardest task is to achieve a stable semiconducting structure where you are in the neighborhood of the percolation threshold. You may look for conductve blacks also at Cabot Corp., Evonik, Columbia and other major CB manufacturers. If you need more info I may try to help.