Several theories explore the link between internal and external factors in a company's adoption of digital strategies:
(1) Resource dependence theory suggests that firms that depend on external resources are more likely to adopt d-strategies to manage those dependencies
(2). Institutional theory proposes that imitating the strategies of successful competitors fosters legitimacy within an industry.
(3) The Transaction Cost Economics framework highlights how strategies can reduce transaction costs related to external partnerships
These theories emphasize that the successful implementation of a strategy must consider both the internal capabilities of a company and the external environment in which it operates.
There are many, as long as the theory has emphasized on the impacts of external environments. For instance, you may consider institutional theory, resource dependence theory.