If you have a polymer-polymer composite it's 100% polymer so I must be missing something unless the question is poorly phrased, Do you have 2 polymers and want to know the proportion of each? If so, then we need details of the polymers. An alloy is normally 2 or more metals...
If you have a polymer-polymer blend you need a technique that can distinguish them. If the blend can be dissolved, the solution can be tested by chromatography to separate the two polymers, and detectors like refractive index that can determine the mass of each in the sample. If not soluble, there are spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR) that can quantitate the amount of each polymer - for example, if only one of the polymers is an acrylate or methacrylate the carbonyl band in the IR can be used. If only one is a styrene or other aromatic polymer, there are unique IR and UV bands for the aromatic rings. It really depends on the nature of the blend and the nature of the polymers involved as to what intrumental techniques would work best.