Norway: hydro

Norway: hydro

Thanks a lot dear Peter Molnár. Best regards. 

Hungary: the wind, solar. That is the reason why the government buys a Russian nuclear plant.

US:  Hydro, Wind, Solar, Natural Gas, Nuclear

New Zealand: Hydro, Wind, Solar

Limitations:

1. In case of larger areas, there are local optimums of energy sources and not all of them could be applied everywhere. 

2. Dynamics. All countries are in a state of transformation; there are given status quos. The changes affect all the other costs.  

3. It is hard to compare a 0 book value nuclear power plant (0 depreciation) to a green field wind investment. If you want to compare the price of 1 kWh electricity from nuclear to 1 kWh from solar, you need to model that both of them are green field investments. Otherwise, the sustainable (or any new) have a huge disadvantage due to the high depreciation cost. The other side of the coin, you do not want to shut down an existing plant just to be fair. So, that it will produce the 'unfairly' cheap energy since others (e.g., government) paid the investment costs or the book value is zero.

4. Another significant question, who pays for the investment? The government (hydro), energy companies (e.g., coal) or end-users (e.g., decentralized solar)?

5. Centralized or decentralized system?

6. Theoretical systems (opportunities) or available power sources on the market? I have to say, only a few countries established competition between power providers, and it is usually not the users' choice to define the source. Also, companies tend to ask more for sustainable energy.

7. Are you interested in the a) optimal energy mix based on the given environment or what is b) available the cheapest for an end-user right now (assume everybody has enough capital?)?

If your question is a), you should apply environmental factors like solar energy intensity, wind energy intensity before the countries. 

Thanks a lot dear Robert Istvan Radics for the alternatives you mentioned. So it is difficult to decide before an economical+environmental study.Best regards. 

Thanks a lot dear Ali hadi Ghawi. Best regards. 

hydro in pakistan

Interesting. Thanks a lot dear Mushtaq Ahmad. Best regards. 

In the case of Cuba, the following energy sources are used for electricity generation

In case of country India, Hydro electricity, Solar, Wind,

 Is Nuclear Energy Renewable Energy? 

Thanks a lot dear Vivek Kumar Singh. As for Nuclear Energy, it is considered as Renewable Energy. Best regards. 

Thanks a lot dear Jorge Morales Pedraza. A very interesting answer. Best regards. 

 Nuclear energy is not renewable energy like solar and wind  etc. Nuclear fission is uranium. uranium deposit on earth is finite, unlike solar and wind. To be counted as renewable, the energy source (fuel) should be sustainable for an indefinite period of time, according to the definition of renewable energy. nuclear waste is considered as a radioactive pollutant.

Dear Vivek Kumar Singh. Please refer to the following link which proves that your comment may need some review:-

https://www.fool.com/investing/2017/09/02/after-a-nuclear-boondoggle-duke-energy-is-turning.aspx?yptr=yahoo

 I can assure you that when Nuclear Energy is used safely it is Renewable and Sustainable as you know that the half life for Uranium is high. See the following link:-

 http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_half_life_of_uranium?#slide=1

Best regards

I think there is different definitions. I also believe new types of nuclear power can be an important part of renewing the energy supply in order not to disturb our climate.

Nuclear power consume uranium or thorium which are available in large quantities on earth, but these elements not are not being reformed.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy

Being from Kuwait, oil is the most economically source and that applies for all GCC countries. Solar power is emerging as a now source of electrical energy but in very small scale. 

Thanks a lot dear Henrik Rasmus Andersen, your suggestions are always welcome. Best regards. 

http://energyinnovation.org/2015/02/07/levelized-cost-of-energy/

Wind is the most prper solution for clean energy in Kuwait. why? we compare between solar and wind , we found that wind is the future solution for energy in Kuwait. Solar have alot of challenges (humidity, rain, dust , clouds and others that affect solar radiation). fortunitly , wind speed in kwait is one of the highest.Unfortuinatly, most of the decision makers in Kuwiat is attracted to solar. which will cost Kuwait more in future planning. The fluxes of dust deposition in Kuwait is increasing with time which makes the solar is not a good option.o

For Denmark wind is the best by far.

It would seem Kuwait is very fortunate to have both good wind and plenty of sun. Would it not be ideal to develop a technical solution for the dust as sun provides power mostly in the day there, I assume, there is much power consumption for air conditioning.

Attached is a ref:

Article Solar and wind Energy: Challenges and solutions in desert regions