Outer core forms Earth's magnetic field; mantle has convection currents.

Dr Md Nazmul Hasan thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Generated by the motion of molten iron in Earth's core, the magnetic field protects our planet from cosmic radiation and from the charged particles emitted by our Sun. It also provides the basis for navigation with a compass. Earth's core and the geodynamo the Earth's magnetic field is believed to be generated by electric currents in the conductive iron alloys of its core, created by convection currents due to heat escaping from the core.The core is further subdivided into two layers called the outer core and inner core. The outer core of the earth is in a liquid state. The outer core is responsible for the earth's magnetic field. Magnetic fields are produced by moving electric charges. Everything is made up of atoms, and each atom has a nucleus made of neutrons and protons with electrons that orbit around the nucleus. Since the orbiting electrons ≠are tiny moving charges, a small magnetic field is created around each atom. The magnetic field also varies in strength over the earth's surface. It is strongest at the poles and weakest at the equator. Earth's magnetic field is defined by the North and South Poles that align generally with the axis of rotation. The lines of magnetic force flow into Earth in the northern hemisphere and out of Earth in the southern hemisphere. Earth's Magnetism is generated by convection currents of molten iron and nickel in the earth's core. These currents carry streams of charged particles and generate magnetic fields. The Earth's magnetic field is weakest at the equator and strongest at the poles. Earth's magnetic field is generated from the movement of molten iron in the Earth's outer core, creating powerful electric currents. These currents orient around magnetic field lines between the poles that extend beyond Earth's atmosphere. The Earth's magnetic field is created by the outer core. Due to its composition of iron and nickel, the center of the Earth is to blame for the attraction of the planet.The vertical component of the Earth's magnetic field is zero at the equator as the magnetic field lines are parallel with the surface of the Earth at the equator. Whereas, at the poles only the vertical component are found and no horizontal component exists. Convection currents are identified in Earth's mantle. Heated mantle material is shown rising from deep inside the mantle, while cooler mantle material sinks, creating a convection current. It is thought that this type of current is responsible for the movements of the plates of Earth's crust. The plates move on a hot flowing mantle layer called the asthenosphere, which is several hundred kilometers thick. Heat within the asthenosphere creates convection currents. Convection currents in the magma drive plate tectonics. Heat generated from the radioactive decay of elements deep in the interior of the Earth creates magma (molten rock) in the aesthenosphere. The aesthenosphere (70 ~ 250 km) is part of the mantle, the middle sphere of the Earth that extends to 2900 km. Asthenosphere. Also The Asthenosphere, or plastic-mantle, is the upper portion of the mantle composed of melted rock. Convection currents within the asthenosphere are a primary driving force behind the motion of the continents. The movement of tectonic plates is related to convection currents in the earth's mantle. Convection currents describe the rising, spread, and sinking of gas, liquid, or molten material caused by the application of heat.

• The outer core of the Earth is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field. The outer core is a layer of molten iron and nickel that is in constant motion due to convection currents. As the molten metal moves, it interacts with the Earth's rotation to generate electric currents. These electric currents, in turn, generate a magnetic field.
• The mantle of the Earth is responsible for the convection currents that move the crust. The mantle is a layer of solid rock that is heated by the Earth's core. As the mantle heats up, it expands. This expansion creates convection currents, which are rising columns of hot rock. The rising convection currents push on the crust, causing it to move.

In other words, the outer core generates the Earth's magnetic field, while the mantle generates the convection currents that move the crust.

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Convection currents are identified in Earth's mantle. Heated mantle material is shown rising from deep inside the mantle, while cooler mantle material sinks, creating a convection current. It is thought that this type of current is responsible for the movements of the plates of Earth's crust. The plates move on a hot flowing mantle layer called the asthenosphere, which is several hundred kilometers thick. Heat within the asthenosphere creates convection currents. Asthenosphere. Also The Asthenosphere, or plastic-mantle, is the upper portion of the mantle composed of melted rock. Convection currents within the asthenosphere are a primary driving force behind the motion of the continents. Most movement occurs along narrow zones between plates, plate boundaries, where the results of plate-tectonic forces are most evident. Atlantic Ocean, along a global system of mountain ridges, Earth's plates are growing and spreading apart. The movement of tectonic plates is related to convection currents in the earth's mantle. Convection currents describe the rising, spread, and sinking of gas, liquid, or molten material caused by the application of heat. Tectonic plates, large slabs of rock that divide Earth's crust, move constantly to reshape the Earth's landscape. The system of ideas behind plate tectonics theory suggests that Earth's outer shell (lithosphere) is divided into several plates that glide over the Earth's rocky inner layer above the soft core (mantle). The movement of the plates creates three types of tectonic boundaries: convergent, where plates move into one another; divergent, where plates move apart; and transform, where plates move sideways in relation to each other. They move at a rate of one to two inches (three to five centimeters) per year. The forces relating to or arising from the interior of the earth are called endogenic forces. They are of two types- diastrophic and sudden movements. Movement in narrow zones along plate boundaries causes most earthquakes. Most seismic activity occurs at three types of plate boundaries divergent, convergent, and transform. Collectively, these studies revealed that the deep mantle is highly heterogeneous and that the layer may play a fundamental role in driving Earth's plates. Convection currents are heat-driven cycles that occur in the air, ocean, and mantle. They are caused by a difference in temperature, often due to a differing proximity to a heat source. The difference in temperature relates directly to the density of the material, causing this effect. The Earth's magnetic field is created by the Earth's metal core. Movements within the core between the solid and liquid parts of the core create convection currents. There are several metals within the core, but iron creates electrical currents as it moves, thus generating the magnetic field. Earth's core and the geodynamo. The Earth's magnetic field is believed to be generated by electric currents in the conductive iron alloys of its core, created by convection currents due to heat escaping from the core. Generated by the motion of molten iron in Earth's core, the magnetic field protects our planet from cosmic radiation and from the charged particles emitted by our Sun. It also provides the basis for navigation with a compass. Magnetic fields are produced by moving electric charges. Everything is made up of atoms, and each atom has a nucleus made of neutrons and protons with electrons that orbit around the nucleus. Since the orbiting electrons ≠are tiny moving charges, a small magnetic field is created around each atom.