I need to build a continuous electromagnet, B=1-2 T, narrow hysteresis loop, good linearity (to have the flux density easily adjustable). Application - MeV electron beam deflection. I'll be grateful for any advice.
DR HORODENSKI: Many materials can work as electromagnet cores, but some common ones are iron, amorphous steel, ferrous ceramics (ceramic compounds that are made with iron oxide), silicon steel and iron-based amorphous tape. In principle, any material with a high relative permeability can be used as an electromagnet core.
For a high-power DC electromagnet, a block of soft iron or low-carbon steel. Its relatively inexpensive, easily machined, and can reach fields of over 2 Tesla before saturating. For a low-frequency AC electromagnet (50/60 Hz), a laminated core made from silicon steel ("transformer steel") works best.