In 1994, Edward Witten of the Institute for Advanced Study and other researchers suggested that the five different versions of string theory might be describing the same thing seen from different perspectives. They proposed a unifying theory called M-theory, in which the M is not specifically defined, but is generally understood to stand for membrane. M-theory brought all of the string theories together. It did this by asserting that strings are really one-dimensional slices of a two-dimensional membrane vibrating in 11-dimensional space.

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