measuring knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of students and staff in a university of antibiotic use, non-adherence and resistance
Hi Zeina. It would be useful if you phrase the above information to a question, rather than a statement. Once you do that, I believe it will become clearer what you IV (what you manipulate/change/control) and DVs are (what you test/measure; the value of these depends on how you manipulate your IV).
what is the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of antibiotic use, non-adherence and resistance among student and staff? this is the question but am still confused on my variables how can i know them?
Independent variables are those which (may) affect the outcome of dependent variables. While I can't tell from your question, the independent variables will be the knowledge, attitudes and behavior if you are interested in the affect of these on antibiotic use (which will be the dependent variable in this case). The independent variable helps the researcher to 'predict' what the outcome of the dependent variable will be. You may need to re-phrase your research question though to reflect the fact you are looking at the relationship between the variables and whether some variables (independent) impact on the other variables (dependent).
Hi Zeina, your research question (i.e., what is the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of antibiotic use, non-adherence and resistance among student and staff?) looks purely descriptive. If so, there are no IVs or DVs...all your constructs are just considered variables (assuming you are conducting a quantitative and NOT qualitative descriptive study). You separate your variables into IVs or DVs only if you have a causal research question, in which case, the IVs are the cause and DVs are the effects. Some people designate IVs and DVs to group difference research question as well (e.g., gender differences in smoking ) although this is technically imprecise.
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