Where would I find the trade winds in the Southern Hemisphere and why distribution of rainfall is unequal in India?
The trade winds blow from the Southern Hemisphere blow from the southeast. They are the permanent east-to-west prevailing winds that flow in the Earth’s equatorial region.
The trade winds in the Southern Hemisphere blow mainly from the southeast. The distribution of rainfall in India is unequal because of several factors such as the monsoon winds, topography, and latitude. The monsoon winds bring heavy rainfall to some parts of India while other parts receive very little rainfall. The topography of India also plays a role in the distribution of rainfall. For example, the Western Ghats receive heavy rainfall because they are perpendicular to the monsoon winds. The latitude of India also affects the distribution of rainfall because it determines the amount of solar radiation received by different parts of the country.
Trade winds as the wind that flows towards the equator from the north-east in the Northern Hemisphere or from the south-east in the Southern Hemisphere. Between about 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south of the equator, in a region called the horse latitudes, the Earth's rotation causes air to slant toward the equator in a southwesterly direction in the northern hemisphere and in a northwesterly direction in the southern hemisphere. Between 30° and 60° latitude north and south, winds known as the westerlies blow from the northwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southwest in the Southern Hemisphere. The trade winds in the Southern Hemisphere are east to southeasterly in direction. In the Northern Hemisphere however, the trade winds are east to northeasterly in direction. It means that in both hemispheres, they tend to blow from the east to the west and towards the equator. The trade winds do not blow directly toward the equator. Because the Earth is rotating, they are deflected. In the northern hemisphere, they blow from the northeast and are called the northeast trade winds. In the southern hemisphere, they blow from the southeast and are called the southeast trade winds. The distribution of rainfall uneven in India due to the following reasons: Latitudinal extent: The tropical and coastal regions and plains receive more rainfall than the plateau and desert regions in the interior. Relief and topography: The windward side of mountains and hills receive more rainfall than leeward side. Monsoon winds from the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are responsible for monsoons in India. It is also known as Southwest Monsoon winds. These winds are responsible for the majority of rainfall in the country. These south-east trade winds originate over the warm subtropical areas of the southern oceans. They cross the equator and blow in a south- westerly direction entering the Indian peninsula as the south-west monsoon. As these winds blow over warm oceans, they bring abundant moisture to the subcontinent. The distribution of rainfall uneven in India due to the reasons in tropical and coastal regions and plains receive more rainfall than the plateau and desert regions in the interior. Relief and topography: The windward side of mountains and hills receive more rainfall than leeward side.The rainfall distribution in India is impacted by the Thar Desert and the Himalayas. Temperature and pressure changes over the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the southern part of the Pacific Ocean also play a significant role in the monsoon rains over the country. India has uneven distribution of population due to several factors like (a) Low birth and high death rates areas. (b) Topography Rugged terrain and unfavorable climatic conditions are primarily responsible for sparse population in states like Rajasthan and the hill states. This unevenness or asymmetry in rainfall patterns has certain impacts: Areas with little precipitation can lead to drought, while areas with prolonged heavy downpours can lead to floods. This irregularity in rainfall distribution all over the world is known as uneven rainfall.
The trade winds in the Southern Hemisphere blow mainly from the southeast. They are found between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle. The trade winds are caused by the difference in air pressure between the subtropical high-pressure belts and the equatorial low-pressure belts. The subtropical high-pressure belts are located around 30 degrees south latitude, and the equatorial low-pressure belts are located around the equator.
The unequal distribution of rainfall in India is due to several factors, including the monsoon winds, topography, and latitude. The monsoon winds are seasonal winds that reverse direction twice a year. During the summer monsoon season, the winds blow from the southwest, bringing moisture from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal to India. This is the time of year when India receives most of its rainfall. During the winter monsoon season, the winds blow from the northeast, bringing drier air from Central Asia.
The topography of India also affects the distribution of rainfall. The Western Ghats, a mountain range that runs along the western coast of India, blocks the monsoon winds from reaching the interior of the country. This is why the western coast of India receives much more rainfall than the eastern coast.
The latitude of India also plays a role in the distribution of rainfall. The southern part of India is closer to the equator, which means it receives more sunlight and heat than the northern part of India. This heat causes the air to rise, which creates moisture that falls as rain. The northern part of India is further from the equator, so it receives less sunlight and heat. This means that the air does not rise as much, and there is less rainfall.
In addition to the monsoon winds, topography, and latitude, other factors that can affect the distribution of rainfall in India include the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and deforestation. ENSO is a climate pattern that occurs every few years and affects weather patterns around the world. During an El Niño event, the trade winds weaken, which allows more moisture to reach the western coast of India. This can lead to flooding in some areas. During a La Niña event, the trade winds strengthen, which can lead to drought in some areas.
Deforestation can also affect the distribution of rainfall in India. Trees help to regulate the water cycle by releasing moisture into the atmosphere. When trees are cut down, the amount of moisture released into the atmosphere decreases. This can lead to drought in some areas.
The unequal distribution of rainfall in India is a complex issue that is influenced by a variety of factors. The monsoon winds, topography, latitude, ENSO, and deforestation are all important factors that contribute to the uneven rainfall pattern in India.
The trade winds in the Southern Hemisphere blow mainly from the southeast. The distribution of rainfall in India is unequal because of several factors such as the monsoon winds, topography, and latitude. The monsoon winds bring heavy rainfall to some parts of India while other parts receive very little rainfall. Trade winds can be defined as the wind that flows towards the equator from the north-east in the Northern Hemisphere or from the south-east in the Southern Hemisphere. The distribution of rainfall uneven in India due to the following reasons: Latitudinal extent: The tropical and coastal regions and plains receive more rainfall than the plateau and desert regions in the interior. Relief and topography: The windward side of mountains and hills receive more rainfall than leeward side. Due to its large scale, many geographical differences in climatic conditions are found in India. But India has a broad unity, owing to the effect of the monsoons. Many variables, such as location, altitude, distance from the sea, general relief, create regional variability in climate, temperature and rainfall patterns. The place where trade winds of the two hemispheres meet is called the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The area around the ITCZ is called the doldrums. Prevailing winds in the doldrums are very weak, and the weather is unusually calm. The ITCZ straddles the Equator. The belts of converging-ascending air flow, air temperature, moisture-bearing winds, ocean waves, distance inland from the coast, and mountain ranges are all factors that influence the distribution of rainfall over the earth's surface. Between about 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south of the equator, in a region called the horse latitudes, the Earth's rotation causes air to slant toward the equator in a southwesterly direction in the northern hemisphere and in a northwesterly direction in the southern hemisphere. Trade winds can be defined as the wind that flows towards the equator from the north-east in the Northern Hemisphere or from the south-east in the Southern Hemisphere. They blow in the middle latitudes between 35 and 65 degrees latitude. They blow from the subtropical high-pressure belts towards sub-polar low-pressure belts. The winds blow from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere.These prevailing winds blow from the west to the east, and steer extra-tropical cyclones in this general direction. The winds are predominantly from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere. The winds coming from the north-west in the southern hemisphere have greater velocities than the winds coming from the south-west in the northern hemisphere.
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