How can the source be identified to have ANMMOX microorganisms in it? I want to prepare a lab-scale reactor for ANMMOX and hence I am looking for a natural source (other than pure cultures available in culture banks) of ANMMOX microorganisms.
Shalini,
Do you have experience of enriching ANMMOX microbes from sediment? I am not a microbiologist. I have tried anaerobic sludge from a UASB in my lab, but no success.
Annamox bacteria are autotrophic and oxidize ammonia anaerobically using nitrite as the electron acceptor. They cannot tolerate oxygen and therefore can be found in reactors/conditions which are anaerobic. For this you need to use NH3 and nitrite (from partial nitrification) at a ratio of ~1: 1.1 in the reactor feed in order to be able to conduct the above biochemical reaction. Further the carbon load (CBOD) should be very low for their enrichment. If you have high CBOD, annamox bac will not grow or activate in the reactor. Annamox bacteria are extremely slow growers and their doubling time is ~ 11 days. Therefore you need to maintain adequate SRT in your reactor in order to enrich these bacteria. Enrichment can be done using conventional sludge may be granules/flocs from an anaerobic reactor.
anammox reactors have been successfully started up with various inocula:
- Environmental Technology, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2014.920421
- Ivar Zekker "Enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria for nitrogen removal from digester effluent and anammox process acceleration by intermediate compounds" PhD thesis University of Tartu
- Start-Up Characteristics of a Granule-Based Anammox UASB Reactor Seeded with Anaerobic Granular Sludge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/396487
Thus, my advise would be to seed with a mix of sludges from local wastewater treatment plants.
Good luck!
Jan
Dear Patel
I recommend all answers for your question.
As Dr.Sumathi said Annamox bacteria are extremely slow growers and their doubling time is ~ 11 days. Therefore you need to maintain adequate SRT in your reactor in order to enrich these bacteria. Enrichment can be done using conventional sludge may be granules/flocs from an anaerobic reactor.
best wishes
Dear Patel
I recommend all answers for your question.
As Dr.Sumathi said Annamox bacteria are extremely slow growers and their doubling time is ~ 11 days. Therefore you need to maintain adequate SRT in your reactor in order to enrich these bacteria. Enrichment can be done using conventional sludge may be granules/flocs from an anaerobic reactor.
best wishes
Randa
Dear Patel
I recommend all answers for your question.
As Dr.Sumathi said Annamox bacteria are extremely slow growers and their doubling time is ~ 11 days. Therefore you need to maintain adequate SRT in your reactor in order to enrich these bacteria. Enrichment can be done using conventional sludge may be granules/flocs from an anaerobic reactor.
best wishes
Randa
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