There are a lot of online website that offers free environmental data like rainfall, temp etc. Just google for such sites as MODIS. However, if you are willing to pay, sites like quickbird, spot satelites from france can send you these information for a fee.
You can always use the WorldClim dataset (http://www.worldclim.org). It is a gridded global dataset resolved to about a kilometer. It contains many summarized (min, max, man temps and rainfall) and calculated, biologically relevant variables for past, current, and future conditions. These data are used by many for species distribution models. If these data are not sufficient, then you'll need to search databases through NCDC, NOAA, or NASA )among others).
Hello Vaijayanti!! Along with the above suggestions, you can also check in http://www.ipcc-data.org/ , http://www.climatus.com/index.php , http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/2012/10,
It depends on what resolution do you require the data which again depend on the purpose of your requirement. Be careful in selecting the data sets!!
you can also find the long term climate data sets from MERRA GEovannii site which provide you all the inputs required for any empirical or processed based models.
@ Vaijayanti I give you this link where you can freely download the CC data but can also explore research centers where they can give you this information. The question I have is that the data that you want to do. http://ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.shtml#.US9h5Dfoixk
@ Vaijayanti I give you this other link Here you can search the environment section and you can find scientific articles on the subject http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/
I like the Global Summary of the Day (GSOD), because it's raw data (data not manipulated by gridding). Contains temperature, precipitation, wind, atmospheric pressure, and other variables.
Dear Vaijayanti I recommend you this link http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/software/index.html for Smart Agriculturral Climate. It is well for inventory in climate change may be usefull for you. I know that it not your questions, but I think it can be usefull.
i need future climate for my study area of punjab but i m not able to get the proper data i consulted all the weather generator sites, but not please help me by providing the appropriate site
Dear you can visit the FAO web site, where you can to find data base. So The data are organized in Agricultural Smarth Climate http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/G1/*/E and http://faostat3.fao.org/search/agricultura%20climaticamente%20inteligente/E
Dear I recomend you visit our web Journal http://revista.unanleon.edu.ni/index.php/REBICAMCLI/index It you can to find some documents where you to can review the source and data base.
There is a good site where you can download up to date climate data such as precipitation, Average minimum maximum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, global radiation..etc.
Worldclim (http://www.worldclim.org/) has 30-year averages, spatially downscaled (30 arc second) temp, precip and bioclimatic variables. These are good for habitat suitability mapping.
NASA Earth Exchange (NEX) provides downscaled climate projections (30 arc second) temp and precip, monthly from 1950 to 2099. (https://cds.nccs.nasa.gov/nex/)
PERSIANN global satellite precipitation data, PERSIANN-Cloud Classification System (CCS), and PERSIANN-Climate Data Record (CDR), available from the CHRS Data Portal (https://chrsdata.eng.uci.edu ).
IBM has this data as well. I think it's free for some researchers (maybe just students). Check out their new analytics (not just called Watson anymore apparently)