Prevention or reduction (to an acceptable level) of impacts on health (cancer, non-cancer and psychosocial) and daily living (local community, school/work, habit, hobby, etc) with an appropriate level of radiation protection depending on exposure situations (i.e., a dose limit in planned exposure situations and a graded reference levels in emergency and existing exposure situations).
In addition with the knowledge of various exposure situations and dose limits recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), be aware of the symbols/signs of radiation sources where ever one encounters and try to minimize the exposure following ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle.
I guess the questions is whether you are referring to only Radon exposure, or whether you are also thinking about other radio-isotopes that can be found in high concentration is unique settings. In the United States there was recently exposure to members of the public while touring a museum like facility, because a bucket of "rocks" was actually a bucket with a high amount of Uranium.
We have enough (naturally abundant) radio-active Potassium in our bodies to allow determination of lean-body mass by whole body counting. We are not going to be able to change that exposure, but building in areas of high Radon exposure requires consideration of building design and use of space (and venting) in the underground areas.
This question is too general to provide a specific answer.
The most commun source of avoidable natural radiation is radon. You need first to do a test in your home, then if the level is high increase the ventillation in the home or under the basement.
Another possibility is iodine-131, which is released in nuclear accident. Potassium iodine pills are distributed to be taken in case of nuclear emergency to saturate the thyroid with iodine and protect it from the radioactive isotope. However, taking it on a regular basis, just in case, is useless and even dangerous.
Otherwise, there is very little you can do, because most protective need a detailled knowledge of the radioisotope involved and medical supervision.
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