Nanotechnology and its uses in dentistry through the development of dental materials has become more powerful and able to stick to the teeth and resistance to breakage and light weight in addition to aesthetic elements much higher than the previous as well as the development of toothpastes that not only resist decay, but address some of the problems of surface teeth as well as the development of dental implants to become moreAbility to dangle surrounding tissues with minimal ratio
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please see here: Article Nanotechnology and its Application in Dentistry
Nanotechlogy is utilized basically in dental composite resins (White fillings) as filler particles. When a composite could be nanofilled this means more particles could be packed in. These composites will have a high weight percent of filler particles. This enhances the mechanical properties of the composite and at the same time preserves its high polishability.
(For composites its important that they stay polished to decrease bacterial adherence and improve longevity) . (Of course nanofillers come with their disadvantages as agglomeration is a problem during the manufacturing procedure)
Implant nanocoatings are used as well to enhance osseointegration and cell proliferation on dental implant surfaces.
Other uses are related to dentin sealing agents. Nano-particles are used to close dentinal openings to reduce teeth heypersensitivity similar to toothpastes. Several uses of carbon nanotubes have been demonstrated as well and of course not to forget the possible future applications of Graphene in dentistry which is not only a nano-scaled material but in fact a 1 atom thick material with a wide range of applications.
Nanotechnology has wide industrial and clinical applications in:
- -Diagnostics
- -Drug delivery
- -Tissue engineering.
- -Catalysis
- -Filtration.
- Reduction of energy consumption
- Increasing the efficiency of energy production
- The use of more environmentally friendly energy systems
- Recycling of batteries.
- Novel semi-conductor devices
- Novel optoelectronic devices
- Displays
- Quantum computers.
- Aerospace
- Refineries
- Vehicle manufactures
- Consumer goods
- Foods.
Nanotechnology is set to revolutionize clinical dental practice. In no distant future, oral health care services will become less stressful for the dental surgeons, more acceptable to patients and the outcome will significantly become more favorable. Rapidly progressing investigations will ensure that developments that seem unbelievable today are possible in the future. Optimal utilization of the advantages and opportunities offered by nanotechnology in clinical dental practice will facilitate improvements in oral health. However, as with all technologies, nanotechnology carries a significant potential for misuse and abuse on a scale and scope never seen before if not properly controlled and directed.
The word nano originates from the Greek word "dwarf". The concept of nanotechnology was first elaborated in 1959 by Richard Feynman, a Nobel Prize winning physicist, in a lecture titled, “There’s plenty of room at the bottom”. He ended the lecture concluding “this is a development which I think cannot be avoided”. Since then, nanotechnology has found use in a myriad of applications including dental diagnosis, material and therapeutics. A day may soon come when nanodentistry will succeed in maintaining near-perfect oral health through the aid of nanorobotics, nanomaterials andbiotechnology.Types of nanotechnologies in nanomedicine
They can be generally divided into three potent molecular technologies:
Most of nanotechnology applied in medicine, can also be applied in dentistry. Nanodentistry has a potential to improve oral health by providing sophisticated preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures using nanorobots, nanomaterials and biotechnology.
I DENTAL NANOROBOTICS - Bottom-up approach
1. Local nanoanasthesia,
2. Hypersensitivity cure,
3. Tooth repositioning,
4. Nanorobotic dentifrice (dentifrobots),
5. Dental durability and cosmetics,
6. Nanodiagnostics (photosensitizers and carries),
a). Qantum dot,
b). Ofnaset.
7. Nanotherapeutics / Drug delivery,
8. Gene therapy,
9. Diagnosis of oral cancer,
10. Treatment of oral cancer.
II DENTAL NANOMATERIALS - Top-down approach
1. Restorative materials,
a). Nanocomposites,
b). Nanofillers,
c). Potential dental filling material with ability to prevent dental caries by fluoride ion,
d). Enamel varnishes,
e). Nanostructures for the restoration of tooth enamel (Biomimetics).
2. Nanosolution (nanoadheives),
3. Nano light-curing glass ionomer restorative,
4. Impression materials,
5. Nano-composite denture teeth,
6. Nanoencapsulation,
7. Dentifrices and Mouthwashes,
8. Laser plasma application for periodontia,
9. Bone replacement materials,
a). Guided tissue and periodontal regeneration,
- Periodontal ligament regeneration,
- Orofacial fractures,
- Cartilage regeneration.
b). Pulp regeneration and apical periodontitis,
c). Nerve regeneration.
10. Materials for induction of osseous growth,
11. Prosthetic implants,
12. Radiopacity,
13. Orthodontic wires,
14. Nanoneedles and Nanotweezers,
15. Nano sterilizing solution.
III REGENERATIVE NANOTECHNOLOGY - Bio-mimcry
1. Dentition renaturalization,
2. Dentition replacement therapy (major tooth repair).
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