Textbooks depict the innate immune response as ending with the onset of the adaptive immune response. Recognizing that the "end" of the innate immune response is not well-defined in my question, what is your molecular hypothesis for the turning off of innate immune pathways during the handoff of responsibility to adaptive immunity?
Details: We know that each of the following molecular mechanisms is capable of inhibiting type I interferon signaling: 1) SOCS1/3 suppression of cytokine signaling, 2) ZBED2 competition for ISREs, 3) phosphatases such as SHP1 that can reverse JAK-mediated phosphorylations, and 4) other mechanisms more recently suggested, such as IL-10 and IL-6 or TGFb.
But what do you see as the likely chain of cause and effect that turns off innate immune signaling at the "appropriate" time?
Comments and questions are welcome.
This question is not well defined.
If the question can be reframe, I think it will okay Sir.
Thanks
James Drummond Yours is a sensible answer. PAMPS turn on innate immunity; elimination of PAMPs turns off innate immunity.
But the textbooks (e.g. Abbas et al., 2022 Fig 1.1) show innate immunity turning off at the moment adaptive immunity turns on. Assuming the adaptive immune system is required to clear all the PAMPs, elimination of PAMPs cannot coincide with the onset of adaptive immunity.
If I understand you correctly, you are thinking that innate immunity will stay on until the combination of innate and adaptive immunity succeeds in eliminating the PAMP-producing threat. Yes?
In general, both the innate and adaptive immune systems will stay on until the activating signal is removed. However, there is a lot of regulatory apparatus at play that makes things complicated.
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