Bacteria constitute the foundation of all of Earth's ecosystems, being responsible for the degradation and recycling of essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus.

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-0958-1_3

Bacteria and fungi are responsible for most of the mineralisation of organic matter in soils. Microorganisms release enzymes that oxidise the organic compounds in organic matter. The oxidation reaction releases energy and carbon, which micro-organisms need to live.

http://www.soilhealth.com/soil-health/biology/organic.htm#:~:text=Bacteria%20and%20fungi%20are%20responsible,micro%2Dorganisms%20need%20to%20live.

During the decomposition process, microorganisms convert the carbon structures of fresh residues into transformed carbon products in the soil. There are many different types of organic molecules in soil. Some are simple molecules that have been synthesized directly from plants or other living organisms. These relatively simple chemicals, such as sugars, amino acids, and cellulose are readily consumed by many organisms. For this reason, they do not remain in the soil for a long time. Other chemicals such as resins and waxes also come directly from plants, but are more difficult for soil organisms to break down.

https://www.fao.org/3/a0100e/a0100e05.htm#:~:text=Organisms%20involved&text=During%20the%20decomposition%20process%2C%20microorganisms,of%20organic%20molecules%20in%20soil.

Dr Manal Hadi Kanaan thank you for your contribution to the discussion

I agree with Manal Hadi Kanaan that bacteria constitute the foundation of all of Earth's ecosystems, being responsible for the degradation and recycling of essential elements such as car- bon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Soil bacteria perform recycling of soil organic matter through different processes, and as a result they produce and release into the soil inorganic molecules (PO 4 3 −, CO2) that can be consumed by plants and microorganisms to grow and perform their functions. Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead plant and animal wastes in the process of decomposition. During decomposition complex substances are converted into simple inorganic nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen compounds.Bacteria and fungi are responsible for most of the mineralization of organic matter in soils. Microorganisms release enzymes that oxidise the organic compounds in organic matter. The oxidation reaction releases energy and carbon, which micro-organisms need to live. Bacteria constitute the foundation of all of Earth's ecosystems, being responsible for the degradation and recycling of essential elements such as car- bon, nitrogen and phosphorus. However, micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes–even though they go unnoticed in your compost pile–are responsible for most of the organic material breakdown. They are chemical decomposers because they use chemicals in their bodies to break down organic matter. Microorganisms help return minerals and nutrients back to the environment so that the materials can then be used by other organisms. As the bacteria and fungi decompose dead matter, they also respire and so release carbon dioxide to the environment, contributing to the carbon cycle. Effective microorganism was used in treating food wastes by fermentation and subsequent production of compost from them. It reveals that the use of EM reduced the offensive odour of fermenting garbage within 4 days. Microbes are critical in the process of breaking down and transforming dead organic material into forms that can be reused by other organisms. This is why the microbial enzyme systems involved are viewed as key 'engines' that drives the Earth's biogeochemical cycles.Soil microbes can break down plant organic matter to carbon dioxide or convert it to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) compounds. This leads either to long-term carbon storage, because DOC can bind to soil particles, or to the release of carbon back to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. Soil microorganisms promote the decomposition of organic matter by secreting enzymes. The changes of biochar on soil enzyme activity are affected by the interaction between biochar, enzymes, and enzyme substrates. The active sites of biochar can absorb or desorbs enzymes and their substrates. Bacteria break down (or decompose) dead organisms, animal waste, and plant litter to obtain nutrients. But microbes don't just eat nature's waste, they recycle it. The process of decomposition releases chemicals that can be used to build new plants and animals.